We demonstrate synthesis and specificity of morphology, molecular structure and properties of new thermally sensitive latexes of the ternary core–shell nanocomposites with a core of polystyrene, shell of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) embedded with nanoparticles of polyaniline doped by camphorsulfonic acid (PANI-CSA). We find that strong physical–chemical interactions in the shell between PNIPAM and PANI-CSA cause conformational changes in PNIPAM which are similar to those occurring during the PNIPAM coil-globule transition. These changes affect thermal responsivity of the synthesized latexes and are obviously responsible for the shift of the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM in the shell from 32 °C (for the binary PS/PNIPAM latex) to 34 °C [for the ternary PS/PNIPAM/PANI-CSA(8.7 wt%) latex]. The synthesized ternary nanocomposites in the thoroughly dried (not swelled) state reveal low conductivity because of occluding and incomplete doping of PANI-CSA nanoparticles in the PNIPAM phase. However, when exposure to HCl vapor the conductivity increases by ca. 6 orders of magnitude that suggests their applicability as sensing materials for detection of analytes with acidic properties. The formulated PS/PNIPAM/PANI-CSA latexes not only demonstrate temperature-dependent flow behavior but due to their optical absorption in near-infrared (NIR) spectral range, can also produce a photothermal effect, which is revealed by a time-dependent rise of their temperature under irradiation with a NIR laser at 808 nm.

我们证明合成和形态的特异性，分子结构和与聚苯乙烯的芯，聚壳三元核-壳纳米复合材料的新的热敏胶乳性质（Ñ-异丙基丙烯酰胺（PNIPAM）嵌入樟脑磺酸（PANI-CSA）掺杂的聚苯胺纳米颗粒。我们发现，PNIPAM和PANI-CSA之间的壳层之间强烈的物理化学相互作用导致PNIPAM的构象变化，这与PNIPAM线圈-小球过渡过程中发生的变化相似。这些变化影响了合成乳胶的热响应性，显然是造成壳中PNIPAM的下临界溶液温度（LCST）从32°C（对于二元PS / PNIPAM乳胶）转变为34°C [三元PS / PNIPAM / PANI-CSA（8.7 wt％）乳胶]。由于PNIPAM相中PANI-CSA纳米粒子的吸留和不完全掺杂，处于完全干燥（未溶胀）状态的合成三元纳米复合材料显示出低电导率。然而，当暴露于HCl蒸气中时，电导率增加约。6个数量级，表明它们可用作检测具有酸性性质的分析物的传感材料。配制的PS / PNIPAM / PANI-CSA乳胶不仅表现出与温度有关的流动行为，而且由于它们在近红外（NIR）光谱范围内的光吸收，还可以产生光热效应，这随时间的上升而显现出来。在808 nm的NIR激光照射下温度的变化。