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Microalgae Cultivation Using Screened Liquid Dairy Manure Applying Different Folds of Dilution: Nutrient Reduction Analysis with Emphasis on Phosphorus Removal.
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03316-8
Liang Wang 1 , Lide Chen 1 , Sarah Xiao Wu 2
Affiliation  

A number of dairies in southern Idaho employed stationary inclined screens to separate large solid particles out of liquid dairy manure. In this way, the total solid content of the liquid dairy manure can drop about 20%. Solids in dairy wastewater cause high turbidities, which could block the incident light, a key factor in the microalgae cultivation process using wastewaters as culture media. In this study, screened liquid dairy manure was used as the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris culture media. The aim was to optimize the dilution folds for the best growth of Chlorella vulgaris and nutrients' reduction with a special focus on phosphorus removal and recovery. Four folds of dilution, designated as 5*, 10*, 15*, 20*, were applied to the liquid dairy manure to alleviate hindrance of the high turbidity together with the high ammonium. Microalgal cultivation removed a significant amount of turbidity and major nutrients. For differently diluted liquid dairy manures, although the initial turbidities varied a lot, the final removal rates were not significantly different, falling in the range of 88.11-91.73%. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the 5-fold diluted liquid dairy manure dropped from 6700 to 1200 mg/L, corresponding to a removal rate of 79.81%. For the 10-fold, 15-fold, and 20-fold diluted manures, Chlorella removed around 67-69% of the initial CODs. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) was removed at rates ranging from 70.84 to 73.99% from the four differently diluted liquid dairy manures without significant differences. NH4-N was removed most efficiently by 88.92% from the 20-fold diluted liquid dairy manure, and the least at 68.65% from the 5-fold diluted one. Although the original total phosphorus (TP) concentrations were distinctive for each group, the TP removal rates stayed in the range of 52.16 to 65.22%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analysis of the precipitates harvested from the microalgal cultivation suggested possible phosphate precipitate forms. The chelation of Ca or Mg cations by dissolved organic matter (DOM) under alkaline conditions caused by microalgae cultivation could explain the unsatisfactory phosphorus removals observed in this study.

中文翻译:

使用不同稀释倍数的筛选液态乳牛粪培养微藻:以减少磷为重点的营养减少分析。

爱达荷州南部的许多奶牛场都采用固定的倾斜筛网将大的固体颗粒从液态乳牛粪中分离出来。这样,液态乳肥料的总固体含量可下降约20%。乳制品废水中的固体会引起高浊度,这可能会阻挡入射光,这是使用废水作为培养基的微藻培养过程中的关键因素。在这项研究中,筛选的液态奶牛粪被用作微藻小球藻的培养基。目的是优化稀释倍数,以最佳生长小球藻和减少营养素,并特别着重于磷的去除和回收。将四倍稀释液(分别指定为5 *,10 *,15 *,20 *)应用于液态奶肥,以减轻高浊度和高铵盐的阻碍。微藻培养去除了大量的浊度和主要营养物质。对于不同稀释度的液态奶肥,尽管初始浊度变化很大,但最终去除率没有显着差异,落在88.11-91.73%的范围内。5倍稀释液态乳牛粪中的化学需氧量(COD)从6700降至1200 mg / L,对应去除率达79.81%。对于10倍,15倍和20倍的稀释粪便,小球藻可去除约67-69%的初始COD。从四种不同稀释的液态乳牛粪中去除的凯氏氮总量(TKN)为70.84%至73.99%,无显着差异。从20倍稀释的液态乳牛粪中,NH4-N的去除效率最高,达到88.92%,而从5倍稀释的液态奶中,去除效率最低,为68.65%。尽管每组的原始总磷(TP)浓度均不同,但TP去除率保持在52.16至65.22%的范围内。从微藻培养物收获的沉淀物的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量分散光谱(EDS)分析表明可能存在磷酸盐沉淀形式。微藻培养引起的碱性条件下,可溶性有机物(DOM)与Ca或Mg阳离子的螯合可解释本研究中除磷效果不理想。从微藻培养物收获的沉淀物的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量分散光谱(EDS)分析表明可能存在磷酸盐沉淀形式。微藻培养引起的碱性条件下,可溶性有机物(DOM)与Ca或Mg阳离子的螯合可解释本研究中除磷效果不理想。从微藻培养物收获的沉淀物的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量分散光谱(EDS)分析表明可能存在磷酸盐沉淀形式。微藻培养引起的碱性条件下,可溶性有机物(DOM)与Ca或Mg阳离子的螯合可解释本研究中除磷效果不理想。
更新日期:2020-05-08
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