In cattle, results of some but not other studies indicated there has been an association of circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentration with reproductive variables. Considering the inconsistency in results among previous studies, there was evaluation of associations between circulating AMH and reproductive performance in dairy cows, and to this end, the prevailing data of serum AMH concentration and reproductive variables were used (n = 172). Preliminarily, association of AMH concentration with reproductive indices were analyzed using linear and quadratic models. Subsequently, cows were categorized based on AMH concentrations in four equal quartiles, including cows with the least (Q₁; n = 43), moderately lesser (Q₂; n = 43), moderately greater (Q₃; n = 43) and greatest (Q₄; n = 43) AMH concentrations, and reproductive variables were compared among the respective AMH quartiles. Initially, assessments indicated reproductive variables were not linearly associated with serum AMH (P > 0.05); however, for all reproductive variables except days to first breeding service (DFS) there was a quadratic association with serum AMH (P < 0.05). Results from analysis of reproductive performance in various AMH quartiles indicated there was a longer period of DFS for cows in Q₃ than Q₁ (P < 0.05). First postpartum insemination to conception and calving to conception intervals were shorter for cows in Q₃ than Q₁ and Q₄ (P < 0.05) and for cows in Q₂ than Q₁ (P < 0.05). In conclusion, results from the present study indicate cows with intermediate AMH concentrations had greater reproductive performance.

在牛中，一些但没有其他研究的结果表明，循环中的抗苗勒氏激素（AMH）浓度与生殖变量有关。考虑到先前研究结果的不一致，评估了循环AMH与奶牛繁殖性能之间的关联，为此，使用了血清AMH浓度和生殖变量的主要数据（n  = 172）。初步地，使用线性和二次模型分析了AMH浓度与生殖指数的关系。随后，根据AMH浓度在四个相等的四分位数中对母牛进行了分类，包括最小（Q ₁；n  = 43），中等（Q ₂；中等）的母牛。n  = 43），中等（Q ₃ ; n  = 43）和最大（Q ₄ ; n  = 43）的AMH浓度以及生殖变量在各个AMH四分位数之间进行了比较。最初，评估表明生殖变量与血清AMH线性不相关（P  > 0.05）。但是，对于除第一天繁殖服务（DFS）的天数以外的所有生殖变量，其血清AMH呈二次关系（P  <0.05）。对各种AMH四分位数的繁殖性能进行分析的结果表明，第₃季度母牛的DFS周期比第₁季度（P <0.05）。第一产后授精受孕和产犊受孕间隔Q中的奶牛均短₃小于q ₁和Q ₄（P  <0.05）和Q中的奶牛₂小于q ₁（P  <0.05）。总之，本研究的结果表明，中等AMH浓度的奶牛具有更高的繁殖性能。