Intrauterine adhesion (IUA), led by trauma to the basal layer, can prevent the endometrium from growing, resulting in complications in females, such as infertility and amenorrhea. Transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) plays a crucial role in inducing and promoting the differentiation and proliferation of mesenchymal cells, in the secretion of extracellular matrix‐associated components, and is a major cytokine in initiating and terminating tissue repair downstream of the TGF‐β/Smad signaling pathway. Some evidence supports that TGF‐β1 is closely associated with the occurrence and development of IUA, and is regarded as an early risk factor of disease recurrence. Furthermore, the role of TGF‐β1 has been demonstrated to be potentially regulated by a variety of cytokines, hormones, enzymes, and microRNAs. This review provides an overview of the expression, function, and regulation of TGF‐β1 in IUA, with a brief discussion and perspectives on its future clinical implications on the diagnosis and treatment of IUA.

中文翻译：

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子宫内粘连中的转化生长因子-β1。

子宫内粘连（IUA）由基底层的外伤引起，可防止子宫内膜生长，从而导致女性并发症，例如不育和闭经。转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）在诱导和促进间充质细胞的分化和增殖，细胞外基质相关成分的分泌中起着关键作用，并且是启动和终止组织下游修复的主要细胞因子。 TGF-β/ Smad信号通路。一些证据支持TGF-β1与IUA的发生和发展密切相关，被认为是疾病复发的早期危险因素。此外，已证明TGF-β1的作用可能受多种细胞因子，激素，酶和microRNA的调节。