Autophagy is a degradation pathway for cytoplasmic constituents, targeting various types of cargo to the vacuoles for recycling. Biogenesis and turnover of autophagic vesicles require a set of Autophagy-related (Atg) proteins, which are present in yeast, metazoans, and plants. Recent advances in autophagy research using yeast and mammalian cells have yielded better models describing how autophagic vesicles acquire membrane lipids and which molecules are involved in final steps in autophagy. These findings will further the understanding of how plant Atg homologs cooperate with other proteins to mediate autophagosome biogenesis and turnover. This mini-review provides an updated view of the molecular mechanisms underlying autophagosome dynamics in plant cells. Evidence supporting roles of actin filaments and microtubules in plant autophagosome biogenesis is also provided.

中文翻译：

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植物自噬囊泡的出生，生长，成熟和消亡

自噬是细胞质成分的降解途径，将各种类型的货物靶向液泡以进行回收。自噬囊泡的生物发生和更新需要一组自噬相关（Atg）蛋白，它们存在于酵母，后生动物和植物中。使用酵母和哺乳动物细胞进行自噬研究的最新进展产生了更好的模型，描述了自噬囊泡如何获取膜脂质以及哪些分子参与了自噬的最终步骤。这些发现将进一步了解植物Atg同源物如何与其他蛋白质协同介导自噬体的生物发生和更新。这项小型综述提供了植物细胞中自噬体动力学潜在分子机制的最新资料。