Many European towns and cities have undergone reurbanisation processes in recent decades. However, their effects on urban biodiversity have been poorly studied. Currently urbanisation processes include park remodelling, which involves the replacement of semi-natural substrates (natural grass, bare soil) with artificial ones (pavement, concrete, areas for dogs, artificial grass). Our aim was to explore, for the first time, the effects of park remodelling on the trends and abundance of a declining urban exploiter, the House Sparrow. An abundance index of House Sparrows was obtained in 32 urban parks of four towns in the Valencian Community (Spain) in four summers (2015–2018). Of the studied parks, 10 were remodelled during the study period. Before remodelling, the trends and abundance of House Sparrows in both groups of parks were similar and stable on average, which suggest no bias between both park groups. However, House Sparrow abundance was significantly reduced in parks affected by remodelling works while in those non-remodelled it remained stable. Park remodelling might be linked to a reduction in both habitat suitability and availability of trophic resources, which could harm urban House Sparrows populations and possibly other species as well. Therefore, new park policies and urban planning measures are urgently needed to preserve urban House Sparrows.

中文翻译：

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在城市公园中用人工基质代替半天然覆盖物导致地中海地区麻雀数量减少

近几十年来，许多欧洲城镇都经历了重新城市化过程。但是，它们对城市生物多样性的影响研究很少。当前的城市化过程包括公园改建，这涉及用人造的（路面，混凝土，养狗场，人造草）替换半自然的基底（天然草，裸露的土壤）。我们的目的是第一次探索公园改建对下降的城市开发者House Sparrow的趋势和丰富程度的影响。在四个夏天（2015-2018年）内，在巴伦西亚自治区（西班牙）的四个城镇的32个城市公园中获得了麻雀的丰富指数。在研究的公园中，有10个在研究期间进行了改建。重塑之前，两组公园的麻雀的趋势和丰度平均相似且稳定，这表明两组公园之间没有偏差。但是，在受到改建工程影响的公园中，麻雀的丰度显着降低，而在那些未改建的公园中，麻雀的丰度保持稳定。公园改建可能与栖息地适宜性和营养资源减少的减少有关，这可能会伤害城市麻雀种群以及其他物种。因此，迫切需要新的公园政策和城市规划措施来保护城市麻雀。公园改建可能与栖息地适宜性和营养资源减少的减少有关，这可能会伤害城市麻雀种群以及其他物种。因此，迫切需要新的公园政策和城市规划措施来保护城市麻雀。公园改建可能与栖息地适宜性和营养资源减少的减少有关，这可能会伤害城市麻雀种群以及其他物种。因此，迫切需要新的公园政策和城市规划措施来保护城市麻雀。