Polyurethane is a thermoplastic elastomer with excellent physical and chemical properties, the hydrophilicity of PU limits the wide application in the waterproof and breathable materials market. In this study, SiO₂ nanoparticles were hydrophobically modified by fluorosilane to prepare the fluorosilane-modified silica (F-SiO₂), then it was added into the synthesized polyurethane to prepare waterproof and breathable film (F-SiO₂/PU) by electrospinning. Compared with polyurethane membranes, F-SiO₂/PU composite membranes could form rough morphological surface through the blending of F-SiO₂. The experimental results showed that the water contact angle of the composite nanofiber membranes increase with the addition of the amount of modified silica, and the water contact angle reached 135 ^o when the dosage of F-SiO₂ was 5 wt%. The composite nanofiber membranes could be endowed with excellent waterproof performance, hydrophobicity (50 kPa) and moisture permeability (10.4 kg/m²•h). Besides, the prepared membrane can remain the hydrophobic property stability under the dynamic tensile of large-scale deformation.

聚氨酯是具有优异物理和化学性能的热塑性弹性体，PU的亲水性限制了其在防水和透气材料市场中的广泛应用。在这项研究中，SiO ₂纳米颗粒通过氟硅烷进行疏水改性以制备氟硅烷改性的二氧化硅（F-SiO ₂），然后将其添加到合成的聚氨酯中以通过静电纺丝制备防水透气膜（F-SiO ₂ / PU） 。与聚氨酯膜相比，F-SiO ₂ / PU复合膜可以通过共混F-SiO ₂形成粗糙的表面形貌。。实验结果表明，复合纳米纤维膜的水接触角随改性二氧化硅的加入而增加，当F-SiO ₂用量为5 wt％时，水接触角达到135 ^o。该复合纳米纤维膜可以具有优异的防水性能，疏水性（50 kPa）和透湿性（10.4 kg / m ² •h）。此外，所制备的膜在大变形的动态拉伸下可以保持疏水性能的稳定性。