The island of Pantelleria, located in the Sicily Channel Rift Zone (Italy), has been the site of violent peralkaline silicic magmatism alternating with minor effusive to low-intensity Strombolian eruptions of basaltic composition. The basaltic rock suites exposed on the island were sampled to investigate the plumbing system dynamics through the study of chemical stratigraphy and temporal records of olivine crystals. Our petrographic and geochemical observations, together with the compositional variability of olivine, suggest different evolutionary histories for basaltic magmas erupted over two major periods divided by the ∼45 ka Green Tuff (GT) eruption. Core-to-rim compositional traverses across olivine crystals document different types of zoning. We recognized olivine zones affected by Fo oscillations at very fine scales in the inner cores, rims and/or in intermediate portions of crystals and used them to reconstruct the residence and passage of crystals through different magmatic environments, with P-T-ƒO₂ and compositional characteristics constrained by thermodynamic modeling. The sequence of magmatic environments evidenced by olivine zoning indicate that the pre-GT volcanic period was dominated by injection at shallow crustal levels (∼300-200 MPa) of primitive melts, initially moving from a deep storage zone at the crust-mantle boundary. Supply of this magma significantly decreased after the GT eruption, while the dynamics of magma transfer within the upper portion of the plumbing system were greatly enhanced. The diffusive relaxation of olivine zoning provided the timing of storage and migration of a crystal through different environments. For magmas feeding the ancient (>45 ka) basaltic activity we retrieved transfer histories that are much longer (up to ∼3 years) if compared with those calculated for the post-GT basalts (1-9 months). The compositional and temporal dataset presented in this study supports the idea that the GT eruption and the subsequent collapse of the volcanic edifice could have caused major changes to the internal structural setting of Pantelleria, creating more favorable conditions for the migration of magmas in the upper portions of the plumbing system.

中文翻译：

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潘泰莱里亚（意大利南部西西里海峡）的镁铁质岩浆供应模式和变化速率：根据橄榄石记录对火山工厂的新观点

位于意大利西西里海峡裂谷区的潘泰莱里亚岛一直是剧烈的碱性碱性硅质岩浆作用的地点，对低强度的斯特伦贝利玄武岩喷发作用较小。通过研究化学地层学和橄榄石晶体的时空记录，对岛上裸露的玄武岩套件进行了采样，以研究管道系统的动力学。我们的岩石学和地球化学观测结果以及橄榄石的成分变异性表明，在两个主要时期内爆发的玄武岩浆有不同的演化历史，并被大约45 ka的绿凝灰岩（GT）喷发所分开。跨橄榄石晶体的芯到边缘成分遍历记录了不同类型的分区。我们认识到内芯中细小尺度上受Fo振荡影响的橄榄石带，₂热力学模型限制了其成分和组成。橄榄石地带所证实的岩浆环境序列表明，GT前的火山期主要是在原始熔体的浅地壳水平（约300-200 MPa）注入，最初是从地壳-地幔边界的深部存储区注入的。GT爆发后，这种岩浆的供应量显着减少，而管道系统上部内部的岩浆转移动力学大大增强。橄榄石地带的扩散弛豫为晶体在不同环境中的存储和迁移提供了时机。对于与古代玄武岩活动有关的岩浆活动（> 45 ka），与GT后的玄武岩（1-9个月）相比，我们获得了更长的转移历史（长达约3年）。