BACKGROUND Seasonal variation in incidence and exacerbations has been reported for neuroinflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). It is unknown whether seasonality also influences aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) disease and myelin-oligodendrocyte antibody (MOG-Ab) disease. OBJECTIVE We examined the seasonal distribution of attacks in AQP4-Ab disease and MOG-Ab disease. METHODS Observational study using data prospectively recorded from three cohorts in the United Kingdom. RESULTS There was no clear seasonal variation in AQP4-Ab or MOG-Ab attacks for either the onset attack nor subsequent relapses. In both groups, the proportion of attacks manifesting with each of the main phenotypes (optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, ADEM/ADEM-like) appeared stable across the year. This study is the first to examine seasonal distribution of MOG-Ab attacks and the largest in AQP4-Ab disease so far. CONCLUSION Lack of seasonal distribution in AQP4-Ab and MOG-Ab disease may argue against environment factors playing a role in the aetiopathogenesis of these conditions.

中文翻译：

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水通道蛋白4抗体病和髓鞘少突胶质细胞抗体病发作的季节分布

背景 已经报道了神经炎性疾病如多发性硬化症和急性播散性脑脊髓炎 (ADEM) 的发病率和恶化的季节性变化。目前尚不清楚季节性是否也会影响水通道蛋白 4 抗体 (AQP4-Ab) 疾病和髓鞘少突胶质细胞抗体 (MOG-Ab) 疾病。目的 我们检查了 AQP4-Ab 疾病和 MOG-Ab 疾病发作的季节性分布。方法 观察性研究使用来自英国三个队列的前瞻性记录的数据。结果 AQP4-Ab 或 MOG-Ab 攻击的发作和随后的复发都没有明显的季节性变化。在这两个组中，表现出每种主要表型（视神经炎、横贯性脊髓炎、ADEM/ADEM 样）的发作比例在一年中保持稳定。这项研究是第一个检查 MOG-Ab 攻击的季节性分布的研究，也是迄今为止最大的 AQP4-Ab 疾病。结论 AQP4-Ab 和 MOG-Ab 疾病缺乏季节性分布可能与环境因素在这些疾病的发病机制中发挥作用相悖。