Abstract The number of underground metro stations around the world is steadily increasing and deep stations are becoming more common. Evacuation elevators can be a way to mitigate many of the evacuation problems of deep stations, e.g., fatigue. However, the elevators need to be used by evacuees to be effective. In order to study the influence of evacuation measures on elevator usage, experiments were performed in a Virtual Reality (VR) model of a deep underground metro station. Four scenarios with different evacuation measures were studied and compared. These scenarios consisted of a base-line scenario, a scenario with enhanced guidance systems e.g., a more informative voice alarm message and flashing green lights to guide people, a scenario with smartphone guidance and a scenario with timers showing a countdown timer above the elevators. The results show that the use of evacuation elevators is affected by the evacuation system design and that a more informative guidance system can increase evacuation elevator usage. Also, smartphone guidance was shown to increase the elevator usage, but results suggest people stop looking at the smartphone after initiating evacuation. The study also suggests that accepted waiting times for elevators can potentially be increased if countdown timers are installed above elevators.

中文翻译：

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地下地铁站的疏散电梯：虚拟现实疏散实验

摘要 全球地铁站数量稳步增加，深站越来越普遍。疏散电梯可以缓解许多深站疏散问题，例如疲劳。但是，疏散人员需要使用电梯才能发挥作用。为了研究疏散措施对电梯使用的影响，在一个深地下地铁站的虚拟现实（VR）模型中进行了实验。研究和比较了采用不同疏散措施的四种情景。这些场景包括基线场景、具有增强引导系统的场景（例如，提供更多信息的语音警报消息和闪烁的绿灯以引导人们）、具有智能手机引导的场景以及带有在电梯上方显示倒数计时器的计时器的场景。结果表明，疏散电梯的使用受疏散系统设计的影响，信息量更大的引导系统可以增加疏散电梯的使用率。此外，智能手机引导显示会增加电梯的使用，但结果表明人们在开始疏散后不再看智能手机。该研究还表明，如果在电梯上方安装倒数计时器，则可接受的电梯等待时间可能会增加。