BACKGROUND Earthworm communities are generally very sensitive to physico-chemical properties of the soil in different agro-ecosystem i.e. cultivated or non-cultivated which directly or indirectly influence the earthworm survival. The difference in physico-chemical properties of soil at different sites contributed to the formation of population patches for earthworm species. Understanding the physico-chemical properties of soil at a particular site could facilitate the prediction of earthworm species at that site. The objective of the present study was to investigate the diversity, abundance, and distribution of earthworms in cultivated and non-cultivated agroecosystems and their physico-chemical properties affecting the earthworm diversity and abundance. RESULTS Total 10 species of earthworms i.e. Amynthas alexandri, Amynthas morrisi, Eutyphoeus incommodus, Eutyphoeus waltoni, Metaphire birmanica, Metaphire houlleti, Metaphire posthuma, Octochaetona beatrix, Perionyx excavatus, and Polypheretima elongata, were reported. Out of all the reported species, Metaphire posthuma was found to be the most abundant earthworm species in both cultivated and non-cultivated agroecosystems with the occurrence at 56.81% sites. The Shannon-Wiener index (H), Margalef species richness index (DMg) and Pielou species evenness (E) was ranged from 0 to 0.86, 0 to 0.64 and 0.78 to 1 respectively. The principal component analysis resulted in four principal components i.e. PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4 which contributing variance (%) of 22.96, 19.37, 14.23 and 10.10 respectively. The principal component analysis also showed that physico-chemical parameters of soil such as EC, pH, TDS, texture, OC, moisture, etc. play a critical role in earthworm distribution. CONCLUSION The conventional farming system has a negative effect on the earthworm diversity in the soil while the physico-chemical properties of soil also have a determinant effect on the same. Earthworms abundance in the present study have significant direct relation with soil properties at a particular site and vice versa. The diversity indices also change due to the conventional farming system which directly affects the earthworm abundance.

中文翻译：

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土壤性质改变了不同农业生态系统中earth的多样性指数。

背景技术Earth群落通常对不同农业生态系统中土壤的物理化学性质非常敏感，即直接或间接影响the生存的耕种或未耕种。不同地点土壤理化特性的差异导致了species物种种群斑块的形成。了解特定地点的土壤的物理化学性质可以促进对该地点species物种的预测。本研究的目的是研究cultivate在耕作和非耕作农业生态系统中的多样性，丰度和分布及其影响affecting多样性和丰度的理化特性。结果共有10种ie，即Amynthas alexandri，Amynthas morrisi，据报道，有无商业性的Eutyphoeus incommodus，Eutyphoeus waltoni，Birmanica Metaphire，houlleti，Metaphire posthuma，Octochaetona beatrix，Perionyx excavatus和Polypheretima elongata。在所有报告的物种中，腐殖质被认为是耕作和非耕作农业生态系统中最丰富的earth物种，发生在56.81％的地点。Shannon-Wiener指数（H），Margalef物种丰富度指数（DMg）和Pielou物种均匀度（E）的范围分别为0到0.86、0到0.64和0.78到1。主成分分析得出四个主成分，即PC1，PC2，PC3和PC4，它们分别贡献22.96、19.37、14.23和10.10的方差（％）。主成分分析还显示了土壤的理化参数，例如EC，pH，TDS，质地，OC，水分等。在worm分布中起关键作用。结论常规耕作制度对土壤中的diversity多样性具有负面影响，而土壤的理化性质也对其产生决定性影响。本研究中的丰度与特定地点的土壤特性有着显着的直接关系，反之亦然。由于常规耕种系统直接影响the的丰度，因此多样性指数也发生了变化。本研究中的丰度与特定地点的土壤特性有着显着的直接关系，反之亦然。由于常规耕种系统直接影响directly的丰度，因此多样性指数也发生了变化。本研究中的丰度与特定地点的土壤特性有着显着的直接关系，反之亦然。由于常规耕种系统直接影响the的丰度，因此多样性指数也发生了变化。