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Does rank rule? Rank-related grooming patterns in Nicobar long-tailed macaques Macaca fascicularis umbrosus
Primates ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-27 , DOI: 10.1007/s10329-020-00807-4
Partha Sarathi Mishra , Arijit Pal , Avadhoot D. Velankar , Honnavalli N. Kumara , Mewa Singh , Matthew Cooper

Primates maintain social bonds with specific individuals in the group by directing grooming toward them. Social grooming is often targeted toward individuals with whom the most benefits can be exchanged, which are usually the high-ranking individuals. We used the Seyfarth model to investigate whether dominance rank alters the distribution of grooming in a group of Macaca fascicularis umbrosus at Great Nicobar Island. We investigated whether dominance rank predicted grooming rate in both males and females. We used social network analysis to examine whether high-ranking animals maintain a central position in the grooming network. We also investigated whether adult individuals exchange grooming for social tolerance, as indicated by physical proximity. We found that more social grooming was directed toward high-ranking females, but not high-ranking males. Social network analysis suggested that high-ranking animals are not central individuals in the distribution of grooming; rather, middle-ranking animals were major contributors to the distribution of grooming. There was no relation between the grooming rate and proximity in both males and females. Overall, our findings suggest that females prefer to direct grooming toward high-ranking partners, although the dominance hierarchy is less steep than expected for Macaca fascicularis. Thus rank-related grooming patterns may be a relatively conserved trait in this isolated island population.

中文翻译:

排名有规律吗?尼科巴长尾猕猴 Macaca fascicularis umbrosus 的等级相关修饰模式

灵长类动物通过引导梳理毛发来与群体中的特定个体保持社会联系。社交疏导通常针对可以交换最大利益的个人,这些人通常是高级别的个人。我们使用 Seyfarth 模型来研究优势等级是否会改变大尼科巴岛猕猴群的梳理分布。我们调查了优势等级是否预测了雄性和雌性的梳理率。我们使用社交网络分析来检查高级动物是否在美容网络中保持中心地位。我们还调查了成年个体是否为了社会宽容而交换美容,如身体上的接近所表明的那样。我们发现更多的社交修饰是针对高级女性的,但不是高级男性。社交网络分析表明,高级动物不是美容分布的中心个体;相反,中等等级的动物是理毛分布的主要贡献者。雄性和雌性的梳理率和接近度之间没有关系。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,尽管食蟹猴的优势等级没有预期的那么陡峭,但雌性更喜欢直接对高级伴侣进行梳理。因此,在这个孤立的岛屿种群中,与等级相关的修饰模式可能是一个相对保守的特征。雄性和雌性的梳理率和接近度之间没有关系。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,尽管食蟹猴的优势等级没有预期的那么陡峭,但雌性更喜欢直接对高级伴侣进行梳理。因此,在这个孤立的岛屿种群中,与等级相关的修饰模式可能是一个相对保守的特征。雄性和雌性的梳理率和接近度之间没有关系。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,尽管食蟹猴的优势等级没有预期的那么陡峭,但雌性更喜欢直接对高级伴侣进行梳理。因此,在这个孤立的岛屿种群中,与等级相关的修饰模式可能是一个相对保守的特征。
更新日期:2020-02-27
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