Thermochemical remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil (PCS) has attracted increased attention. Pyrolysis is one of an important thermochemical treatment technology. The pyrolysis behavior of PCS and the main gaseous products evolved were investigated by means of a simultaneous thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and mass spectrometry (MS). Pyrolysis residue characteristics were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), FTIR, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results revealed that the pyrolysis process of PCS was divided into water evaporation, volatilization of light volatile, degradation of low/high boiling point organic matters, and decomposition of inorganic mineral. The increase of heating rate would lead to the shift of thermal profiles to a higher temperature region and the increase of mass loss rate, without changing the patterns of thermal degradation of PCS. In addition, CO₂, the most important gaseous product, was released in two temperature regions of 700–1090 K and 1090–1220 K. The trace pollution gaseous product SO₂ was discharged above 1100 K. After pyrolysis, the organic matters were significantly reduced, and the inorganic minerals such as CaCO₃ and BaSO₄ were decomposed. The sulfur in PCS mainly existed in the form of sulfate-S, sulfonic acid-S or sulfone-S, sulfoxide-S, aromatic-S, and aliphatic-S. During pyrolysis, sulfate-S was continuously decreased, while the other four forms of organic-S may be transformed into each other and finally partially stabilized in the pyrolysis residue.

中文翻译：

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石油污染土壤的热化学修复：TG-FTIR-MS分析和残留特征

石油污染土壤（PCS）的热化学修复引起了越来越多的关注。热解是重要的热化学处理技术之一。通过同时热重分析仪（TG）结合傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和质谱（MS）来研究PCS和主要气体产物的热解行为。通过X射线光电子能谱（XPS），FTIR和X射线衍射（XRD）确定热解残留物的特性。结果表明，PCS的热解过程分为水蒸发，轻挥发物挥发，低/高沸点有机物降解和无机矿物分解。加热速率的增加将导致热分布图转移到更高的温度区域，并且质量损失速率增加，而不会改变PCS的热降解模式。另外，CO₂是最重要的气态产物，在700–1090 K和1090–1220 K的两个温度区域释放。微量污染的气态产物SO ₂排放到1100 K以上。热解后，有机物显着减少，并且诸如CaCO ₃和BaSO _4的无机矿物被分解。PCS中的硫主要以硫酸盐-S，磺酸-S或砜-S，亚砜-S，芳族-S和脂族-S的形式存在。在热解过程中，硫酸盐-S不断减少，而其他四种形式的有机物-S可能相互转化，最终部分稳定在热解残渣中。