Controlling the shuttling of lithium polysulphides (LiPS) to enhance the utilization of elemental sulfur has been considered as an important issue to improve the energy density and coulombic efficiency of lithium–sulfur batteries. The present work is aimed at demonstrating a simple preparation of a bi-functional trilayer membrane by coating Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ and activated carbon on either side of the commercial membrane (Celgard 2320). The coated membrane was characterized by ionic conductivity, thermogravimetric and contact angle analyses. In the trilayer membrane, each component acts for a particular purpose: the activated carbon not only acts as a barrier for the migration of polysulfide but also provides additional pathways for electron transport for the insulating sulphur cathode, while the porous Celgard separator facilitates the migration of lithium ion, and the Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ not only promotes the lithium ion migration by percolation but also prevents polysulfide shuttling via the electrostatic repulsive force. The coated membrane offered higher ionic conductivity and thermal stability compared to the uncoated one. The lithium–sulfur battery with the coated separator delivered higher specific discharge capacity than the uncoated separator. XPS studies revealed the absence of polysulfide deposition on the lithium metal surface after the charge–discharge cycling, which further confirms the suppression of polysulfide shuttling by permselective membranes.

中文翻译：

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覆有立方型Li7La3Zr2O12和活性炭的高效双功能渗透选择性隔膜，用于锂硫电池

控制多硫化锂（LiPS）的穿梭运动以提高元素硫的利用率一直被认为是提高锂硫电池能量密度和库仑效率的重要问题。本工作旨在演示通过涂覆Li ₇ La ₃ Zr ₂ O _12来简单制备双功能三层膜的方法。以及在商用膜两边的活性炭（Celgard 2320）。通过离子电导率，热重和接触角分析来表征涂覆的膜。在三层膜中，每种成分都具有特定的作用：活性炭不仅充当多硫化物迁移的屏障，而且还为绝缘硫阴极提供了电子传输的其他途径，而多孔的Celgard隔膜则促进了迁移。锂离子和Li ₇ La ₃ Zr ₂ O ₁₂不仅通过渗滤促进锂离子迁移，而且还可以防止多硫化物通过静电排斥力。与未涂覆的膜相比，涂覆的膜具有更高的离子传导性和热稳定性。带有涂层隔板的锂硫电池比未涂层隔板具有更高的比放电容量。XPS研究表明，充放电循环后，锂金属表面上不存在多硫化物沉积，这进一步证实了选择性渗透膜对多硫化物穿梭的抑制作用。