Abstract The region of the upper Neckar and Ammer river valley is situated on the south-westernmost periphery of the overall distribution area of the earliest LBK in Europe. In a small side valley of the Ammer, we have been able to investigate in the past few years the two sites ‘Lusse’ and ‘Unteres Feld’ which have provided important information about the beginning and development of the Early Neolithic in southwestern Germany. From these two sites, we have a sequence of features from all phases of the LBK. Radiocarbon data obtained from short living samples (charred seeds, animal bones from ungulates and human bones) were combined with pottery stylistic data from the same features to construct an age-model that can be applied, simultaneously, on site-level (locally) as well as on supra-regional level. The data series was first analysed using the GaussWM-algorithm in the CalPal program (Version, 2019.5), by application of an assumed linear (equal phase-length) age-model, and then using OxCal (Version 4.3), by application of Bayesian Boundary analysis. Both methods come to practically identical results. The pottery stylistic development of the LBK can henceforth be described, locally, by application of the five Ammer Valley stages (AV 1-5), and which are in turn synchronised with the widely applicable chronological system of Meier-Arendt (1966) which itself has five phases (I-V). Although generally similar, the two systems show certain differences but which only become apparent due to the achieved high temporal resolution of a few decades. An important observation is that in the Ammer Valley materials with typological features of the earliest LBK (AV 1) can also be found in more recent LBK contexts, apparently undisturbed. In the upper Neckar region, in contrast, it is the Flomborn style (AV 2 and 3) that appears alongside the old pottery traditions. Put together, the old pottery traditions persisted for an exceptionally long time, in the newly founded settlements in the Ammer Valley.

中文翻译：

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图宾根西部（德国西南地区）阿默河谷新石器时代早期遗址的年代学

摘要 内卡河上游和阿默河河谷地区位于欧洲最早的LBK总分布区的最西南边缘。在阿默河的一个小山谷中，我们在过去几年中对“Lusse”和“Unteres Feld”这两个遗址进行了调查，这两个遗址为德国西南部新石器时代早期的开始和发展提供了重要信息。从这两个站点，我们获得了 LBK 各个阶段的一系列特征。从短寿命样品（烧焦的种子、有蹄类动物的骨骼和人骨）中获得的放射性碳数据与来自相同特征的陶器风格数据相结合，以构建一个年龄模型，该模型可以同时应用于现场（局部）水平以及超区域层面。首先使用 CalPal 程序（版本，2019.5）中的 GaussWM 算法，通过应用假定的线性（等相长度）年龄模型，然后使用 OxCal（版本 4.3），通过应用贝叶斯边界分析。两种方法都得到了几乎相同的结果。LBK 的陶器文体发展从此可以通过应用五个 Ammer Valley 阶段 (AV 1-5) 来描述，而这些阶段又与 Meier-Arendt (1966) 的广泛适用的年代系统同步，后者本身有五个阶段（IV）。虽然大体相似，但两个系统显示出某些差异，但由于实现了几十年的高时间分辨率，这才变得明显。一个重要的观察结果是，在 Ammer Valley 具有最早 LBK (AV 1) 类型特征的材料也可以在更近的 LBK 环境中找到，显然未受干扰。相比之下，在内卡上游地区，弗洛姆伯恩风格（AV 2 和 3）与古老的陶器传统并存。总之，古老的陶器传统在阿默河谷新建立的定居点中持续了异常长的时间。