The Human Genome Project (HGP) announced in 2001 that it had sequenced the entire human genome, yielding nearly complete human DNA. About 98.5 percent of the human genome has been found to be non-coding sequences. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a non-coding RNA with a length between 200 and 100,000 nucleotide units. Because of shallow research on lncRNA, it was believed that it had no biological functions, but exists as a by-product of the transcription process. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, studies have shown that lncRNA plays important roles in many processes by participating in epigenetics, transcription, translation and protein modification. Current researches have shown that lncRNA also has an important part in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a common disorder of bone metabolism, also a major medical and socioeconomic challenge worldwide. It is characterized by a systemic reduction in bone mass and microstructure changes, which increases the risk of brittle fractures. It is more common in postmenopausal women and elderly men. However, the roles of lncRNA and relevant mechanisms in osteoporosis remain unclear. Based on this background, we hereby review the roles of lncRNA in osteoporosis, and how it influences the functions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, providing reference to clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of osteoporosis.

人类基因组计划（HGP）于2001年宣布已对整个人类基因组进行了测序，产生了近乎完整的人类DNA。已经发现约98.5％的人类基因组是非编码序列。长非编码RNA（lncRNA）是长度在200至100,000个核苷酸单位之间的非编码RNA。由于对lncRNA的研究很浅，因此认为它没有生物学功能，但作为转录过程的副产物存在。随着高通量测序技术的发展，研究表明，lncRNA通过参与表观遗传学，转录，翻译和蛋白质修饰，在许多过程中发挥重要作用。目前的研究表明，lncRNA在骨质疏松症的发病机理中也具有重要的作用。骨质疏松症是骨骼代谢的常见疾病，也是全球范围内的重大医学和社会经济挑战。它的特征是全身性减少骨量和微结构变化，从而增加了脆性骨折的风险。它在绝经后妇女和老年男子中更常见。然而，lncRNA在骨质疏松症中的作用及相关机制尚不清楚。在此背景下，我们综述了lncRNA在骨质疏松症中的作用及其对成骨细胞和破骨细胞功能的影响，为骨质疏松症的临床诊断，治疗和预后提供参考。lncRNA在骨质疏松症中的作用及相关机制尚不清楚。在此背景下，我们综述了lncRNA在骨质疏松症中的作用及其对成骨细胞和破骨细胞功能的影响，为骨质疏松症的临床诊断，治疗和预后提供参考。lncRNA在骨质疏松症中的作用及相关机制尚不清楚。在此背景下，我们综述了lncRNA在骨质疏松症中的作用及其对成骨细胞和破骨细胞功能的影响，为骨质疏松症的临床诊断，治疗和预后提供参考。