A common shortcoming of current tissue engineered constructs is the lack of a functional vasculature, limiting their size and functionality. Prevascularization is a possible strategy to introduce vascular networks in these constructs. It includes among others co-culturing target cells with endothelial (precursor) cells that are able to form endothelial networks through vasculogenesis. In this paper, we compared two different prevascularization approaches of bio-artificial skeletal muscle tissue (BAM ) in vitro and in vivo . In a one-stage approach, human muscle cells were directly co-cultured with endothelial cells in 3D. In a two-stage approach, a one week old BAM containing differentiated myotubes was coated with a fibrin hydrogel containing endothelial cells. The obtained endothelial networks were longer and better interconnected with the two-stage approach. We evaluated whether prevascularization had a beneficial effect on in vivo perfusion of the BAM and ...

中文翻译：

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人类生物人工肌肉的一阶段与两阶段组织工程方法中预血管化的功能评估。

当前组织工程结构的一个共同缺点是缺乏功能性脉管系统，限制了它们的大小和功能。血管前化是在这些结构中引入血管网络的一种可能策略。其中包括与能够通过血管发生形成内皮网络的内皮（前体）细胞共培养靶细胞。在本文中，我们在体外和体内比较了两种不同的生物人工骨骼肌组织 (BAM) 的血管前化方法。在一个阶段的方法中，人类肌肉细胞与内皮细胞在 3D 中直接共培养。在两阶段方法中，含有分化肌管的一周龄 BAM 涂有含有内皮细胞的纤维蛋白水凝胶。获得的内皮网络更长，并且与两阶段方法更好地相互连接。我们评估了血管前化是否对 BAM 的体内灌注和...