OBJECTIVE Electrocorticogram (ECoG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are a promising platform for the restoration of motor and sensory functions to those with neurological deficits. Such bi-directional BCI operation necessitates simultaneous ECoG recording and stimulation, which is challenging given the presence of strong stimulation artifacts. This problem is exacerbated if the BCI's analog front-end operates in an ultra-low power regime, which is a basic requirement for fully implantable medical devices. In this study, we developed a novel method for the suppression of stimulation artifacts before they reach the analog front-end. APPROACH Using elementary biophysical considerations, we devised an artifact suppression method that employs a weak auxiliary stimulation delivered between the primary stimulator and the recording grid. The exact location and amplitude of this auxiliary stimulating dipole were then found through a constrained optimization procedure. The performance of our method was tested in both simulations and phantom brain tissue experiments. MAIN RESULTS The solution found through the optimization procedure matched the optimal canceling dipole in both simulations and experiments. Artifact suppression as large as 28.7 dB and 22.9 dB were achieved in simulations and brain phantom experiments, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE We developed a simple constrained optimization-based method for finding the parameters of an auxiliary stimulating dipole that yields optimal artifact suppression. Our method suppresses stimulation artifacts before they reach the analog front-end and may prevent the front-end amplifiers from saturation. Additionally, it can be used along with other artifact mitigation techniques to further reduce stimulation artifacts.

中文翻译：

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在同步脑电图刺激和记录中的最佳伪影抑制，用于双向脑机接口应用。

基于脑电图（ECoG）的脑机接口（BCI）是一个有前途的平台，可为神经功能缺损的人恢复运动和感觉功能。这种双向BCI操作需要同时进行ECoG记录和刺激，鉴于存在强烈的刺激伪影，这是一个挑战。如果BCI的模拟前端在超低功耗状态下运行，则这一问题会更加严重，这是完全可植入医疗设备的基本要求。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种在刺激伪影到达模拟前端之前对其进行抑制的新颖方法。方法使用基本的生物物理考虑因素，我们设计了一种伪影抑制方法，该方法采用了在主刺激器和记录网格之间传递的弱辅助刺激。然后通过约束优化程序找到该辅助激励偶极子的确切位置和幅度。我们的方法的性能已在模拟和幻影脑组织实验中进行了测试。主要结果通过优化程序找到的解决方案在模拟和实验中均与最佳抵消偶极相匹配。在仿真和脑模型实验中，分别实现了高达28.7 dB和22.9 dB的伪影抑制。重要性我们开发了一种基于约束优化的简单方法，用于查找辅助激励偶极子的参数，从而产生最佳的伪影抑制效果。我们的方法可以在刺激伪像到达模拟前端之前对其进行抑制，并可以防止前端放大器饱和。另外，