Introduction. Cognitive decline usually coexists with motor impairment in PD. Multitask settings provide appropriate measures to evaluate the complex interaction between motor and cognitive impairments. The main objective was to analyze which concurrent task, i. e., motor or hybrid motor-cognitive, in combination with a cognitive task better differentiates between PD patients with mild and moderate levels of disease. Methods. Thirty-seven individuals (19 male and 18 female) with idiopathic PD performed dual and triple tasks combining a cognitive task (phonemic fluency) with motor (pedaling) and/or cognitive-motor hybrid (tracking) tasks. Mild and moderate disability PD groups were specified considering the Hoehn and Yahr scale. Mixed ANOVA analyses for each of the concurrent task were carried out to test differences between the single and dual or triple condition performances comparing the low and high PD disability groups. Supplementary mixed ANCOVA analysis was performed considering the cognitive status as the covariate. Results. The only significant differences between disability PD groups were found for performances in the cognitive-motor hybrid (tracking) task, both in dual and triple conditions. Our results showed a better performance for the mild rather than for the moderate disability group in the single condition task and a significant decline of the mild disability group in the dual and triple condition when compared to the levels of those shown by the moderate disability group. The group-condition interaction remained significant when the cognitive status was statistically controlled. Conclusion. The hybrid of motor-cognitive task combining with a cognitive task (i. e., fluency) successfully differentiated between mild and moderate PD patients in the context of dual and triple multitask sets even when the cognitive status was statistically controlled. Our results highlight the importance of jointly measuring the complex interplay between motor and cognitive skills in PD.

中文翻译：

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将认知并发任务与运动或运动认知任务相结合：哪个更好区分帕金森病的影响程度？

简介。认知能力下降通常与 PD 中的运动障碍并存。多任务设置提供了适当的措施来评估运动和认知障碍之间的复杂相互作用。主要目的是分析哪个并发任务，即运动或混合运动认知，与认知任务相结合，可以更好地区分轻度和中度疾病水平的 PD 患者。方法. 37 名特发性 PD 患者（19 名男性和 18 名女性）执行了将认知任务（音素流畅性）与运动（踏板）和/或认知-运动混合（跟踪）任务相结合的双重和三重任务。考虑到 Hoehn 和 Yahr 量表，指定了轻度和中度残疾 PD 组。对每个并发任务进行混合 ANOVA 分析，以测试比较低和高 PD 残疾组的单一和双重或三重条件表现之间的差异。将认知状态作为协变量进行补充混合 ANCOVA 分析。结果. 在双重和三重条件下，残疾 PD 组之间的唯一显着差异在于认知运动混合（跟踪）任务的表现。我们的结果显示，与中度残疾组相比，轻度残疾组在单一条件任务中的表现优于中度残疾组，而轻度残疾组在双重和三重条件下的表现显着下降。当认知状态受到统计控制时，组条件相互作用仍然显着。结论. 即使在认知状态受到统计控制的情况下，运动-认知任务与认知任务（即流畅性）相结合的混合体在双重和三重多任务集的背景下也成功区分了轻度和中度 PD 患者。我们的结果强调了联合测量 PD 中运动和认知技能之间复杂相互作用的重要性。