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Endogenous Developmental Cycle of the Human Coccidian Cyclospora cayetanensis.
Journal of Parasitology ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1645/20-21
J P Dubey 1 , S Almeria 2 , J Mowery 3 , J Fortes 4, 5
Affiliation  

Cyclospora cayetanensis is a coccidian parasite of humans of known and growing importance. However, we are surprisingly naïve as to our understanding of how to diagnose it and how it develops inside the human body. Here we provide details of the developmental stages of C. cayetanensis in the gallbladder of a 33-yr-old male with human immunodeficiency virus. The gallbladder was removed surgically in 2001 because of severe abdominal pain. For the present study, the archived paraffin block of gallbladder was processed for light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Histological sections were examined after staining with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) or using the periodic acid Schiff (PAS) reaction. Immature and mature asexual stages, gamonts, and oocysts were seen in epithelial cells, both in the superficial epithelium and in glands. The merozoites were present singly, in pairs, and 3 or more in a single parasitophorous vacuole in the host cytoplasm. Up to 6 nuclei were seen in immature schizonts without evidence of merozoite formation. Mature schizonts were 7.6 × 5.1 μm and contained up to 10, 3-4 μm long merozoites. Merozoites were 0.6 to 2.0 μm wide, and their shape varied from pear-shaped to slender. Merozoites were generally PAS-positive; however, some were intensely positive, some had only minute granules, while others were PAS-negative. The microgamonts (male) were 6.6 × 5.2 μm and contained fewer than 20 microgametes around a residual body. The microgametes were up to 2 μm long and were flagellated. Macrogamonts (female) contained distinctive eosinophilic wall-forming bodies that varied in size and were less than 1 μm in HE-stained sections. Macrogamonts were 5.8-6.5 × 5.3-6.5 μm. Oocysts in sections were unsporulated and had a diameter of 5.7-7.5 μm. The TEM examination confirmed the histologic findings. The DNA extracted from paraffin sections was confirmed as C. cayetanensis with real-time PCR. The detailed description of the life cycle stages of C. cayetanensis reported here in an immunosuppressed patient could facilitate histopathologic diagnosis of this parasite. We have shown that the parasite's development more closely resembles that of Cystoisospora than Eimeria and that the parasite has multiple nuclei per immature meront indicating schizogony, and we have undermined evidence for a Type II meront.

中文翻译:

人类球虫Cyclospora cayetanensis的内源性发育周期。

cayetanensis Cyclospora cayetanensis是已知的且日益重要的人类球虫病。但是,我们对如何诊断它以及它如何在人体内发展的理解令人惊讶地天真。在这里,我们提供了C.cayetanensis在具有人类免疫缺陷病毒的33岁男性胆囊中的发育阶段的详细信息。由于严重的腹痛,于2001年手术切除了胆囊。对于本研究,已对胆囊的石蜡封堵块进行了光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜(TEM)处理。用苏木精和曙红(HE)染色或使用高碘酸席夫(PAS)反应染色后检查组织切片。在浅表上皮和腺体的上皮细胞中均观察到未成熟和成熟的无性生殖阶段,gamonts和卵囊。裂殖子成对存在,并且在宿主细胞质中的单个寄生虫液泡中存在3个或更多。未成熟的裂殖体中最多可见6个核,而没有裂殖子形成的迹象。成熟的裂殖子为7.6×5.1μm,含有多达10个,3-4μm长的裂殖子。裂殖子的宽度为0.6至2.0μm,形状从梨形到细长。裂殖子通常是PAS阳性的。但是,有些是强烈阳性的,有些只有微小的颗粒,而有些则是PAS阴性的。微gamont(雄性)为6.6×5.2μm,在残留尸体周围包含少于20个微配子。微型配子长达2μm,并具鞭毛。Macrogamonts(雌性)包含独特的嗜酸性壁形成体,其大小各不相同,HE染色切片中小于1μm。Macrogamonts为5.8-6。5×5.3-6.5微米 切片中的卵囊无孢子,直径为5.7-7.5μm。TEM检查证实了组织学发现。通过实时PCR证实,从石蜡切片中提取的DNA被确认为C. cayetanensis。此处报道的在免疫抑制患者中发现的美因茨克生命周期阶段的详细描述可能有助于对该寄生虫进行组织病理学诊断。我们已经表明,该寄生虫的发育比艾美球虫更像拟孢菌,并且该寄生虫的每个未成熟子代都有多个核,表明精神分裂,而且我们破坏了II型子代的证据。实时荧光定量PCR。此处报道的在免疫抑制患者中发现的美因茨克生命周期阶段的详细描述可能有助于对该寄生虫进行组织病理学诊断。我们已经表明,该寄生虫的发育比艾美球虫更像拟孢菌,并且该寄生虫的每个未成熟子代都有多个核,表明精神分裂,而且我们破坏了II型子代的证据。实时荧光定量PCR。此处报道的在免疫抑制患者中发现的美因茨克生命周期阶段的详细描述可能有助于对该寄生虫进行组织病理学诊断。我们已经表明,该寄生虫的发育比艾美球虫更像拟孢菌,并且该寄生虫的每个未成熟子代都有多个核,表明精神分裂,而且我们破坏了II型子代的证据。
更新日期:2020-04-01
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