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Individual differences predict low prevalence visual search performance and sources of errors: An eye-tracking study.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied ( IF 2.813 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-20 , DOI: 10.1037/xap0000273
Chad Peltier 1 , Mark W Becker 1
Affiliation  

Targets in real-world visual search tasks, such as baggage screening, may appear on as few as 2% of searches (Hofer & Schwaninger, 2005). Rare targets are missed more frequently than common targets, a phenomenon known as the low prevalence effect. Given the importance of rare target detection, researchers have sought to increase performance through technological improvements, experimental manipulations, and individual differences approaches. Here we focus on the individual differences approach, which has shown that it is possible to predict an individual's low prevalence search accuracy in a T among Ls search using basic cognitive tasks. Here, we address limitations of previous work by using both basic Ts and Ls and more representative baggage screening items. Results show we can account for 53% of variance in low prevalence search accuracy. Eye-tracking results show that fluid intelligence and near transfer search performance predict selection errors (misses caused by never inspecting the target) while working memory capacity and near transfer search performance predict identification errors (misses caused by misidentifying an inspected target). We conclude that the individual differences approach can be an effective tool to select who will perform well in real-world searches. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

个体差异预测低流行性视觉搜索性能和错误来源:眼动追踪研究。

现实世界的视觉搜索任务(例如行李检查)中的目标可能会出现在 2% 的搜索中(Hofer & Schwaninger,2005)。罕见目标比常见目标更容易错过,这种现象被称为低流行效应。鉴于稀有目标检测的重要性,研究人员试图通过技术改进、实验操作和个体差异方法来提高性能。在这里,我们关注个体差异方法,该方法表明可以使用基本认知任务来预测个体在 Ls 搜索中的 T 中的低流行度搜索准确度。在这里,我们通过使用基本的 Ts 和 Ls 以及更具代表性的行李检查项目来解决以前工作的局限性。结果表明,我们可以解释 53% 的低流行率搜索准确性的差异。眼动追踪结果表明,流体智能和近转移搜索性能可预测选择错误(因从未检查目标而导致的失误),而工作记忆容量和近转移搜索性能可预测识别错误(因对检查目标的错误识别而导致的失误)。我们得出结论,个体差异方法可以成为选择谁将在现实世界搜索中表现良好的有效工具。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA,保留所有权利)。眼动追踪结果表明,流体智能和近转移搜索性能可预测选择错误(因从未检查目标而导致的失误),而工作记忆容量和近转移搜索性能可预测识别错误(因对检查目标的错误识别而导致的失误)。我们得出结论,个体差异方法可以成为选择谁将在现实世界搜索中表现良好的有效工具。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA,保留所有权利)。眼动追踪结果表明,流体智能和近转移搜索性能可预测选择错误(因从未检查目标而导致的失误),而工作记忆容量和近转移搜索性能可预测识别错误(因对检查目标的错误识别而导致的失误)。我们得出结论,个体差异方法可以成为选择谁将在现实世界搜索中表现良好的有效工具。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2020-04-20
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