Basidiomycetes (phylum Basidiomycota) are filamentous fungi characterized by the exogenous formation of spores on a club‐shaped cell called a basidium that are often formed on complex fruiting bodies (mushrooms). Many basidiomycetes serve an important role in recycling lignocellulosic material to higher trophic levels, and some show symbiotic relationships with plants. All known bioluminescent fungi are mushroom‐forming basidiomycetes in the order Agaricales. Hence, the disruption of the basidiomycete community can entirely compromise the carbon cycle in nature from fungi to higher trophic levels. The fungus Gerronema viridilucens was used in the present study to investigate the toxicity of a phenolic compound series based on the inhibition of its bioluminescence. The median effect concentration (EC50) obtained from curves of bioluminescence inhibition versus log [phenolic compound] showed that 2,4,6‐trichlorophenol was the most toxic compound in the series. The log EC50 values of all phenolic compounds were then used for the prediction of their toxicity. The univariate correlation of log EC50 values obtained from 6 different phenolic compounds was stronger with the dissociation constant (pK _a) than with 1‐octanol/water partition coefficient (K _OW). Nevertheless, the toxicity can be better predicted by using both parameters, suggesting that the phenol‐driven uncoupling of fungus mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthesis is the origin of phenolic compound toxicity to the test fungus. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1558–1565. © 2020 SETAC

中文翻译：

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使用生物发光测定法对真菌Gerronema viridilucens评估酚类化合物的毒性。

担子菌（Basidiomycota）是一种丝状真菌，其特征是孢子外生地形成在一个称为“钡”的棍状细胞上，这种孢子通常在复杂的子实体（蘑菇）上形成。许多担子菌在木质纤维素材料回收到更高营养水平方面起着重要作用，并且一些与植物具有共生关系。所有已知的生物发光真菌均是蘑菇形成的伞菌菌（Agaricales）。因此，对担子菌群落的破坏可以完全破坏自然界中从真菌到更高营养水平的碳循环。真菌Gerronema viridilucens为了研究酚类化合物系列的生物发光抑制作用，在本研究中使用了“多酚”来研究其毒性。从生物发光抑制与log [酚化合物]的曲线获得的中值效应浓度（EC50）表明，2,4,6-三氯苯酚是该系列中毒性最高的化合物。然后将所有酚类化合物的log EC50值用于预测其毒性。从6种不同的酚类化合物获得的log EC50值的单变量相关性，离解常数（p K _a）比1-辛醇/水分配系数（K _OW）强）。然而，通过使用这两个参数可以更好地预测毒性，这表明酚驱动的线粒体三磷酸腺苷三磷酸合成真菌的解偶联是酚类化合物对测试真菌毒性的起源。2020年《环境毒理学》； 39：1558-1565。©2020 SETAC