In the Yellow Sea (YS), besides the energetic tidal forcing, winds also induce strong vertical mixing, especially in the summer season when the thermocline is well developed. The vertical mixing processes induced by tides and winds on the YS continental shelf in the summer of 2012 are studied by conducting different numerical simulations using a regional ocean model. Distributions of the mean summer temperature vertical diffusion coefficient reveal that winds are mainly responsible for the surface vertical mixing while near the bottom, it is mostly dominated by tides. In the near shore areas like Subei Bank and shallow regions west to the Korean Peninsula coast, the relative strong vertical mixing induced by tides could affect the YS surface. Winds deepen the surface boundary layer and strengthen the vertical mixing both in the mixed layer and below the thermoclines. It could be found that the strong wind could effectively enhance the vertical mixing by triggering near-inertial internal waves and near-inertial oscillations characterized by a first-baroclinic mode-like structure vertically in the central basin. In the near shore areas, however, the vertical mixing is mainly controlled by the reversing and rotating tidal flows. The relative high semidiurnal tidal energies are distributed uniform vertically. The near-inertial energies triggered by the strong wind are mainly distributed in the central YS, though they are weakened due to the tides.

中文翻译：

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夏季在黄海上风和潮汐引起的垂直混合：2012年的数值研究

在黄海（YS），除了充满活力的潮汐强迫外，风还引起强烈的垂直混合，特别是在夏季，温床非常发达时。通过使用区域海洋模型进行不同的数值模拟，研究了2012年夏季潮汐和风在YS大陆架上引起的垂直混合过程。夏季平均温度垂直扩散系数的分布表明，风主要是表面垂直混合的原因，而在底部附近则主要由潮汐控制。在苏北河之类的近岸地区和朝鲜半岛海岸以西的浅海地区，潮汐引起的相对强烈的垂直混合可能影响YS表面。风会加深表面边界层，并增强混合层中和温跃层以下的垂直混合。可以发现，强风可以通过触发中心盆地垂直方向的第一斜斜模态结构特征的近惯性内波和近惯性振荡而有效地增强垂直混合。但是，在近岸地区，垂直混合主要是通过逆向和旋转潮汐​​流来控制的。相对较高的半日潮汐能沿垂直方向均匀分布。强风触发的近惯性能量主要分布在YS中央，尽管由于潮汐而减弱。可以发现，强风可以通过触发中心盆地垂直方向的第一斜斜模态结构特征的近惯性内波和近惯性振荡而有效地增强垂直混合。但是，在近岸地区，垂直混合主要由逆向和旋转潮汐​​流控制。相对较高的半日潮汐能沿垂直方向均匀分布。强风触发的近惯性能量主要分布在YS中央，尽管由于潮汐而减弱。可以发现，强风可以通过触发中心盆地垂直方向的第一斜斜模态结构特征的近惯性内波和近惯性振荡而有效地增强垂直混合。但是，在近岸地区，垂直混合主要是通过逆向和旋转潮汐​​流来控制的。相对较高的半日潮汐能沿垂直方向均匀分布。强风触发的近惯性能量主要分布在YS中央，尽管由于潮汐而减弱。相对较高的半日潮汐能沿垂直方向均匀分布。强风触发的近惯性能量主要分布在YS中央，尽管由于潮汐而减弱了。相对较高的半日潮汐能沿垂直方向均匀分布。强风触发的近惯性能量主要分布在YS中央，尽管由于潮汐而减弱。