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Breed- and trait-specific associations define the genetic architecture of calving performance traits in cattle.
Journal of Animal Science ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-04 , DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa151
Deirdre C Purfield 1, 2 , Ross D Evans 2 , Donagh P Berry 3
Affiliation  

Reducing the incidence of both the degree of assistance required at calving, as well as the extent of perinatal mortality (PM) has both economic and societal benefits. The existence of heritable genetic variability in both traits signifies the presence of underlying genomic variability. The objective of the present study was to locate regions of the genome, and by extension putative genes and mutations, that are likely to be underpinning the genetic variability in direct calving difficulty (DCD), maternal calving difficulty (MCD), and PM. Imputed whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data on up to 8,304 Angus (AA), 17,175 Charolais (CH), 16,794 Limousin (LM), and 18,474 Holstein-Friesian (HF) sires representing 5,866,712 calving events from descendants were used. Several putative quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions associated with calving performance both within and across dairy and beef breeds were identified, although the majority were both breed- and trait-specific. QTL surrounding and encompassing the myostatin (MSTN) gene were associated (P < 5 × 10-8) with DCD and PM in both the CH and LM populations. The well-known Q204X mutation was the fifth strongest association with DCD in the CH population and accounted for 5.09% of the genetic variance in DCD. In contrast, none of the 259 segregating variants in MSTN were associated (P > × 10-6) with DCD in the LM population but a genomic region 617 kb downstream of MSTN was associated (P < 5 × 10-8). The genetic architecture for DCD differed in the HF population relative to the CH and LM, where two QTL encompassing ZNF613 on Bos taurus autosome (BTA)18 and PLAG1 on BTA14 were identified in the former. Pleiotropic SNP associated with all three calving performance traits were also identified in the three beef breeds; 5 SNP were pleiotropic in AA, 116 in LM, and 882 in CH but no SNP was associated with more than one trait within the HF population. The majority of these pleiotropic SNP were on BTA2 surrounding MSTN and were associated with both DCD and PM. Multiple previously reported, but also novel QTL, associated with calving performance were detected in this large study. These also included QTL regions harboring SNP with the same direction of allele substitution effect for both DCD and MCD thus contributing to a more effective simultaneous selection for both traits.

中文翻译:

品种和性状的特定关联定义了犊牛产犊性状的遗传结构。

降低产犊时需要的协助程度以及围产期死亡率(PM)的发生率,既具有经济效益,也具有社会效益。两种性状均存在可遗传遗传变异性,这表明存在潜在的基因组变异性。本研究的目的是定位基因组区域,并通过推定推定的基因和突变定位,可能支持直接产犊难度(DCD),产妇产犊难度(MCD)和PM的遗传变异。推算的全基因组单核苷酸多态性(SNP)数据代表了来自后代的5,866,712产犊事件,涉及多达8,304个安格斯(AA),17,175夏洛来牛(CH),16,794利木赞(LM)和18,474荷斯坦-弗里斯兰(HF)父亲。尽管奶牛和牛肉品种内部和之间都有多个与产犊性能相关的推定数量性状基因座(QTL)区域,但大多数都具有特定的品种和性状。在CH和LM人群中,包围和包围肌生长抑制素(MSTN)基因的QTL与DCD和PM相关(P <5×10-8)。众所周知的Q204X突变是CH人群中与DCD第五强的关联,占DCD遗传变异的5.09%。相反,在LM群体中,MSTN中的259个分离变体均与DCD不相关(P>×10-6),而MSTN下游617 kb的基因组区域相关(P <5×10-8)。DC的遗传结构相对于CH和LM在HF人群中有所不同,在前者中确定了两个QTL,其中包括Bos taurus常染色体(BTA)18上的ZNF613和BTA14上的PLAG1。在这三个牛肉品种中还发现了与所有三个产犊性能特征相关的多亲性SNP。在AA中,有5个SNP具有多效性,在LM中有116个多核苷酸,在CH中有882个多核苷酸,但HF人群中没有一个以上的SNP与多性状相关。这些多效性SNP的大部分位于MSTN周围的BTA2上,并与DCD和PM相关。在这项大型研究中,发现了多个先前报告的,而且与产犊性能相关的新QTL。这些还包括含有SNP的QTL区域,对DCD和MCD具有相同的等位基因替代作用方向,因此有助于更有效地同时选择两个性状。在这三个牛肉品种中也鉴定出与所有三个产犊性能特征相关的多亲性SNP。在AA中,有5个SNP具有多效性,在LM中有116个多核苷酸,在CH中有882个多核苷酸,但是HF人群中没有一个以上的SNP与多性状相关。这些多效性SNP的大部分位于MSTN周围的BTA2上,并与DCD和PM相关。在这项大型研究中,发现了多个先前报告的,而且与产犊性能相关的新QTL。这些还包括含有SNP的QTL区域,对DCD和MCD具有相同的等位基因替代作用方向,因此有助于更有效地同时选择两个性状。在这三个牛肉品种中也鉴定出与所有三个产犊性能特征相关的多亲性SNP。在AA中,有5个SNP具有多效性,在LM中有116个多核苷酸,在CH中有882个多核苷酸,但是HF人群中没有一个以上的SNP与多性状相关。这些多效性SNP的大部分位于MSTN周围的BTA2上,并与DCD和PM相关。在这项大型研究中,发现了多个先前报告的,而且与产犊性能相关的新QTL。这些还包括含有SNP的QTL区域,对DCD和MCD具有相同的等位基因替代作用方向,因此有助于更有效地同时选择两个性状。CH中的882个,但SNP与HF人群中的一项以上的特征无关。这些多效性SNP的大部分位于MSTN周围的BTA2上,并与DCD和PM相关。在这项大型研究中,发现了多个先前报告的且与产犊性能相关的新颖QTL。这些还包括含有SNP的QTL区域,对DCD和MCD具有相同的等位基因替代作用方向,因此有助于更有效地同时选择两个性状。CH中的882个,但SNP与HF人群中的一项以上的特征无关。这些多效性SNP的大部分位于MSTN周围的BTA2上,并与DCD和PM相关。在这项大型研究中,发现了多个先前报告的,而且与产犊性能相关的新QTL。这些还包括含有SNP的QTL区域,对DCD和MCD具有相同的等位基因替代作用方向,因此有助于更有效地同时选择两个性状。
更新日期:2020-05-04
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