Mobile phone services are provided by operators in cities and along the roads in rural areas. In the last case, the coverage can reach a few kilometers far from the roads, depending on the available mobile technology. As a consequence, rural population have limited coverage or lack of message-based communication systems. In this work, we propose a solution based on low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies to extend the coverage of SMS service in rural areas in order to provide a message-based communication system for notification and telemetry. The proposal involves two devices called GSM node and remote node which form the complete system. The whole system uses three wireless communication technologies: GSM, LoRa and Bluetooth. To guarantee effective packet transmission, several computational strategies are implemented in each embedded communication hardware, such as algorithms that analyze the service availability before message transmission or guarantee delivery of messages. The proposed scheme takes advantage of both communication systems; those which operate on licensed bands in urban areas with good QoS and those which operate on non-licensed bands with high communication ranges. Several communication tests are implemented to evaluate the performance of the proposed solution. Results show the advantages of using low-consumption and long-range technologies to extend the SMS service coverage in rural areas. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first implementations and evaluations of a system that allows extending the SMS service coverage in rural areas based on LoRa technology.

中文翻译：

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利用LoRa通信技术扩展农村地区短信服务覆盖范围

移动电话业务由城市运营商和农村道路沿线运营商提供。在最后一种情况下，根据可用的移动技术，覆盖范围可以达到几公里远的道路。因此，农村人口的覆盖范围有限或缺乏基于消息的通信系统。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种基于低功耗广域网 (LPWAN) 技术的解决方案，以扩展短信服务在农村地区的覆盖范围，以提供基于消息的通知和遥测通信系统。该提议涉及两个称为GSM节点和远程节点的设备，它们构成了完整的系统。整个系统采用三种无线通信技术：GSM、LoRa和蓝牙。为了保证有效的数据包传输，在每个嵌入式通信硬件中都实施了几种计算策略，例如在消息传输之前分析服务可用性或保证消息交付的算法。提议的方案利用了两种通信系统；那些在城市地区的许可频段上运行，具有良好的 QoS，以及那些在通信范围大的非许可频段上运行。实施了若干通信测试以评估所提议解决方案的性能。结果显示了使用低功耗和远程技术扩展农村地区短信服务覆盖的优势。据我们所知，这是基于 LoRa 技术在农村地区扩展 SMS 服务覆盖范围的系统的首批实施和评估之一。例如在消息传输之前分析服务可用性或保证消息交付的算法。提议的方案利用了两种通信系统；那些在城市地区的许可频段上运行，具有良好的 QoS，以及那些在通信范围大的非许可频段上运行。实施了若干通信测试以评估所提议解决方案的性能。结果显示了使用低功耗和远程技术扩展农村地区短信服务覆盖的优势。据我们所知，这是基于 LoRa 技术在农村地区扩展 SMS 服务覆盖范围的系统的首批实施和评估之一。例如在消息传输之前分析服务可用性或保证消息交付的算法。提议的方案利用了两种通信系统；那些在城市地区的许可频段上运行，具有良好的 QoS，以及那些在通信范围大的非许可频段上运行。实施了若干通信测试以评估所提议解决方案的性能。结果显示了使用低功耗和远程技术扩展农村地区短信服务覆盖的优势。据我们所知，这是基于 LoRa 技术在农村地区扩展 SMS 服务覆盖范围的系统的首批实施和评估之一。