Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed miniature size and autonomous nodes along with batteries as a power source. The major bottleneck of WSN is efficient energy utilization. The energy consumption for transmission of signals increases with the distance. This problem of energy consumption is addressed in this study. This study presents a strategy, namely distance-based dynamic duty-cycle allocation (DBDDCA) algorithm. In DBDDCA, longer distance nodes from cluster head (CH) transmit relatively less time in order to save energy. Conversely, transmit for the higher time when the distance is near to CH. The proposed DBDDCA is compared with the other existing strategies: low-energy adaptive cluster hierarchy (LEACH), modified leach, and stable election protocol and with two existing medium access control (MAC) protocols: sensor (S)-MAC and timeout (T)-MAC. The performance of the proposed and existing strategies is evaluated with the following network parameters: energy consumption, network energy utilization, network lifetime, latency, and packets delivery. These parameters have been evaluated with different network scenarios such as number of nodes increases, number of rounds, and with variation in initial energy of nodes. Simulation results show the performance of the proposed strategy is significantly better than the existing strategies under the investigated network parameters.

中文翻译：

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无线传感器网络中的能耗最小化算法

无线传感器网络（WSN）由空间分布的微型尺寸和自治节点以及电池作为电源组成。WSN的主要瓶颈是有效的能源利用。信号传输的能量消耗随着距离的增加而增加。这项研究解决了能耗问题。这项研究提出了一种策略，即基于距离的动态占空比分配（DBDDCA）算法。在DBDDCA中，距离簇头（CH）较远的节点传输的时间相对较少，以节省能源。相反，当距离接近CH时，发射时间更长。提议的DBDDCA与其他现有策略进行了比较：低能耗自适应集群层次结构（LEACH），修改的浸出和稳定选举协议以及两个现有的媒体访问控制（MAC）协议：传感器（S）-MAC和超时（T）-MAC。使用以下网络参数评估提出的策略和现有策略的性能：能耗，网络能源利用率，网络寿命，延迟和数据包传递。这些参数已在不同的网络方案中进行了评估，例如节点数量增加，回合数量以及节点初始能量的变化。仿真结果表明，在所研究的网络参数下，该策略的性能明显优于现有策略。这些参数已在不同的网络方案中进行了评估，例如节点数量增加，回合数量以及节点初始能量的变化。仿真结果表明，在所研究的网络参数下，该策略的性能明显优于现有策略。这些参数已在不同的网络方案中进行了评估，例如节点数量增加，回合数量以及节点初始能量的变化。仿真结果表明，在所研究的网络参数下，该策略的性能明显优于现有策略。