Ergosterol, like cholesterol, has many beneficial physiological activities, and because it has no adverse clinical problem with cholesterol, it is a substance that can be used as a biomaterial in the food and cosmetics industry. However, ergosterol has low oil solubility and is easily crystallized, which is problematic for its direct use in the industry. This problem can be solved by combining fatty acids with ergosterol. In this study, ergosterol derivatives with unsaturated fatty acids were synthesized from ergosterol and various plant oils. Specifically, ergosterol oleate (EO), ergosterol linoleate (EL), and ergosterol linolenate (ELn) were synthesized using Proteus vulgaris K80 lipase. To effectively synthesize these unsaturated fatty acid ergosterol esters (FAEEs), 25 mM ergosterol and 40 mM plant oil were added into hexane solvent, and transesterification reaction was performed at 40 °C. Proteus vulgaris K80 lipase showed higher conversion yield than other commercial lipases, due to its high affinity to ergosterol and broad substrate specificity. Rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, and linseed oil were used to synthesize EO, EL, and ELn, respectively. The FAEEs were purified, and their purity was confirmed by FT-IR and LC-MS. The solubility of the FAEEs in a tricaprylin solvent was increased 11-16 times, compared to that of ergosterol. We found that EL- and ELn-containing emulsions had strong growth inhibitory activity against some dairy and cosmetic spoilage bacteria.

中文翻译：

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含有通过脂肪酶介导的酯交换合成的不饱和脂肪酸麦角甾醇酯的乳液的抗菌活性

麦角甾醇与胆固醇一样，具有许多有益的生理活性，而且由于它与胆固醇没有不利的临床问题，因此它是一种可在食品和化妆品工业中用作生物材料的物质。但麦角甾醇油溶性低，易结晶，直接用于工业存在问题。这个问题可以通过将脂肪酸与麦角甾醇结合来解决。在这项研究中，从麦角甾醇和各种植物油中合成了具有不饱和脂肪酸的麦角甾醇衍生物。具体而言，麦角甾醇油酸酯 (EO)、麦角甾醇亚油酸酯 (EL) 和麦角甾醇亚麻酸酯 (ELn) 使用普通变形杆菌 K80 脂肪酶合成。为了有效合成这些不饱和脂肪酸麦角甾醇酯 (FAEE)，将 25 mM 麦角甾醇和 40 mM 植物油加入己烷溶剂中，酯交换反应在40°C下进行。由于其对麦角甾醇的高亲和力和广泛的底物特异性，变形杆菌 K80 脂肪酶显示出比其他商业脂肪酶更高的转化率。菜籽油、葵花籽油和亚麻籽油分别用于合成 EO、EL 和 ELn。FAEE 被纯化，其纯度通过 FT-IR 和 LC-MS 确认。与麦角甾醇相比，FAEE 在三辛酸溶剂中的溶解度增加了 11-16 倍。我们发现含有 EL 和 ELn 的乳液对某些乳制品和化妆品腐败细菌具有很强的生长抑制活性。菜籽油、葵花籽油和亚麻籽油分别用于合成 EO、EL 和 ELn。FAEE 被纯化，其纯度通过 FT-IR 和 LC-MS 确认。与麦角甾醇相比，FAEE 在三辛酸溶剂中的溶解度增加了 11-16 倍。我们发现含有 EL 和 ELn 的乳液对某些乳制品和化妆品腐败细菌具有很强的生长抑制活性。菜籽油、葵花籽油和亚麻籽油分别用于合成 EO、EL 和 ELn。FAEE 被纯化，其纯度通过 FT-IR 和 LC-MS 确认。与麦角甾醇相比，FAEE 在三辛酸溶剂中的溶解度增加了 11-16 倍。我们发现含有 EL 和 ELn 的乳液对某些乳制品和化妆品腐败细菌具有很强的生长抑制活性。