Abstract Mechanical energy such as the wind flow widely exists in nature as renewable and sustainable energy source. It could be converted into electrical energy throughout piezoelectricity which has capability for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. In this paper, an innovation piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) system is proposed by using the piezoelectric macro fiber composites (MFC) based on flutter mode. It is demonstrated that this PEH-MFC system exhibits the excellent characteristic of flexibility on large deformation and reliability in energy harvesters and effectively captures power from wind energy. The PEH-MFC system is composed of a soft substrate linked with a polymer triangular leaf by a copper hinge. The active MFC is attached at the bottom of the soft substrate as the core component of system. A series of experiments on energy harvesting systems for various substrate materials and various types of MFC are performed in wind tunnel. The flutter mode is obtained under the critical flutter wind speed in order to acquire the excellent behavior of extracting power through this innovation PEH-MFC system. The experimental results show that the thickness and stiffness of PEH substrate have significant effects on the performance of energy harvesting. The maximum peak-to-peak open circuit voltage of 82 V is obtained using the MFC-2807 with Al substrate at the wind speed of 7.5 m/s. The resulting direct voltage and electric power are 25.8 V and 0.54 mW with a load resistance of 680 kΩ, respectively. It is concluded that the proposed energy harvesting system using MFC based on flutter mode can generate a power efficiency of 9.18 mW/cm3 which can meet the requirement of conventional MEMS.

中文翻译：

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基于颤振模式的压电宏纤维复合材料风能收集

摘要 风流等机械能作为可再生、可持续的能源广泛存在于自然界中。它可以通过压电转化为电能，具有将机械能转化为电能的能力。在本文中，基于颤振模式的压电宏纤维复合材料（MFC）提出了一种创新的压电能量收集（PEH）系统。结果表明，该PEH-MFC系统在能量收集器中表现出大变形灵活性和可靠性的优异特性，并有效地从风能中获取电能。PEH-MFC 系统由软基板组成，通过铜铰链与聚合物三角叶相连。有源 MFC 附着在软基板的底部，作为系统的核心部件。在风洞中对各种基板材料和各种类型的 MFC 的能量收集系统进行了一系列实验。颤振模式是在临界颤振风速下获得的，以通过这种创新的 PEH-MFC 系统获得优异的提取功率行为。实验结果表明，PEH基板的厚度和刚度对能量收集性能有显着影响。使用铝基板的 MFC-2807 在 7.5 m/s 的风速下获得 82 V 的最大峰峰值开路电压。产生的直流电压和电功率分别为 25.8 V 和 0.54 mW，负载电阻为 680 kΩ。得出的结论是，所提出的使用基于颤振模式的 MFC 的能量收集系统可以产生 9 的功率效率。