Soft surfaces, including textiles are found throughout healthcare settings. Pathogens can survive for long periods of time on textiles, and can be transferred to and from the skin. Antimicrobial fabrics are used as an engineering control to prevent infection. Efficacy testing standards have limitations, including single microorganism challenges, multiple fabric plies tested, and lengthy contact times. We developed a novel method that better models in-use conditions through testing standardized mixtures of pathogens and normal skin microorganisms, artificial soils, and a 15-min contact time. Reproducible growth of all microorganisms from frozen stocks was achieved using this method. A novel rechargeable, monitorable N-halamine cotton cellulose fabric, containing 5885 ± 98 ppm of active chlorine, was evaluated with the new method using PBS, artificial sweat, and artificial sweat plus 5% serum as soil. Pathogens tested included Acinetobacter baumannii, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Each was tested singly and in the presence of a representative normal skin flora mixture, including: Acinetobacter lwoffii, Corynebacterium striatum, Micrococcus luteus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. When tested singly, all microorganisms were reduced by 3.00 log10 or greater, regardless of artificial soil. In mixture, 4.00 log10 or greater reductions were achieved for all microorganisms. These results suggest that the novel testing method can be used to provide more comprehensive and realistic efficacy information for antimicrobial textiles intended for use in healthcare. Furthermore, the N-halamine fabric demonstrated efficacy against multiple pathogens, singly and in mixtures, regardless of the presence of artificial soils.

中文翻译：

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一种针对用于医疗保健环境的纺织品的新型综合功效测试。

在整个医疗保健环境中都可以找到柔软的表面，包括纺织品。病原体可以在纺织品上存活很长时间，并且可以转移到皮肤或从皮肤转移。抗菌织物被用作预防感染的工程控制。功效测试标准具有局限性，包括单一微生物挑战、测试的多个织物层以及较长的接触时间。我们开发了一种新方法，通过测试病原体和正常皮肤微生物的标准化混合物、人造土壤和 15 分钟的接触时间来更好地模拟使用条件。使用该方法实现了冷冻原液中所有微生物的可重复生长。一种新型可充电、可监测的 N-卤胺棉纤维素织物，含有 5885 ± 98 ppm 的活性氯，采用 PBS 的新方法进行了评估，人工汗液，人工汗液加5%血清作土。检测的病原体包括鲍曼不动杆菌、白色念珠菌、大肠杆菌、耐万古霉素粪肠球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌。每种都在有代表性的正常皮肤菌群混合物存在下单独测试，包括：鲁氏不动杆菌、纹状棒状杆菌、黄微球菌和表皮葡萄球菌。单独测试时，无论人造土壤如何，所有微生物都减少了 3.00 log10 或更多。在混合物中，所有微生物均达到 4.00 log10 或更高的减少量。这些结果表明，新的测试方法可用于为用于医疗保健的抗菌纺织品提供更全面和真实的功效信息。此外，无论是否存在人工土壤，N-卤胺织物都表现出对多种病原体的单独和混合物的功效。