Microbial keratitis is a rare but potentially severe sight‐threatening condition, associated with societal burden, cost and morbidity. Compared with microbial keratitis without lens wear, the disease in contact lens wear is more common, occurs at an earlier age, has lower morbidity and is more often caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acanthamoeba spp. Resistance to common antibiotics is infrequent in contact lens‐related isolates and there is little evidence to suggest increasing bacterial resistance over time. There is some evidence for increased reporting of cases of Acanthamoeba keratitis internationally. The incidence of contact lens‐related microbial keratitis has remained stable over time. Rates vary with wear modality, with the lowest risk of severe disease in daily disposable and rigid gas permeable contact lens wear; however, there are limited studies in daily wear silicone hydrogel and in contemporary daily disposable contact lenses. Risk factors for contact lens‐related microbial keratitis can be either modifiable or non‐modifiable and interventions to reduce the risk of, or severity of disease may be prioritised based on the attributable risk. Key risk factors based on high attributable risk include any overnight wear, failing to wash and dry hands prior to handling lenses and poor storage case hygiene practice. The strong link between microbial keratitis and storage case hygiene and replacement suggests the relevance of microbial contamination of the storage case. Both risk factors and evidence‐based strategies for limiting storage case contamination are presented, including storage case cleaning protocols and antimicrobial storage cases; however, it is unclear if such interventions can ultimately limit the rate or severity of microbial keratitis in daily wear. Emerging challenges include understanding and limiting the risk of infection associated with decorative or cosmetic contact lens wear, particularly in Asia, and in understanding the safety of contact lens modalities for myopia control in a paediatric population

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚与隐形眼镜相关的角膜感染

微生物角膜炎是一种罕见但可能严重威胁视力的疾病，与社会负担、成本和发病率有关。与不戴镜片的微生物性角膜炎相比，戴隐形眼镜的疾病更常见，发病年龄较早，发病率较低，更常由铜绿假单胞菌和棘阿米巴属引起。在与隐形眼镜相关的分离株中，对常见抗生素的耐药性并不常见，而且几乎没有证据表明细菌耐药性会随着时间的推移而增加。有一些证据表明，国际上对棘阿米巴角膜炎病例的报告有所增加。随着时间的推移，隐形眼镜相关微生物角膜炎的发病率一直保持稳定。比率因佩戴方式而异，每日一次性和刚性透气性隐形眼镜的严重疾病风险最低；然而，对日常佩戴的硅水凝胶和现代日抛隐形眼镜的研究有限。隐形眼镜相关微生物角膜炎的风险因素可以是可修改的或不可修改的，并且可以根据归因风险优先考虑降低疾病风险或疾病严重程度的干预措施。基于高归因风险的主要风险因素包括任何过夜佩戴、在处理镜片之前未能洗手和擦干以及储存盒卫生习惯不良。微生物角膜炎与储存箱卫生和更换之间的密切联系表明储存箱微生物污染的相关性。介绍了限制储存箱污染的风险因素和循证策略，包括储存箱清洁方案和抗菌储存箱；然而，目前尚不清楚此类干预措施是否能最终限制日常穿着中微生物角膜炎的发生率或严重程度。新出现的挑战包括了解和限制与装饰性或美容性隐形眼镜佩戴相关的感染风险，尤其是在亚洲，以及了解隐形眼镜在儿科人群中控制近视的安全性