Abstract

Immobilization and heterogenization of acidic/basic groups or organic tags on inorganic supports have found many important applications in recent years. In this investigation, a new hybrid organic–inorganic nanostructure was prepared. The structure of novel nanomaterial was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, vibrating sample magnetometer, scanning electron microscopy and the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques. The spirocompounds, especially spiroperimidines and pyranopyrazoles, are important structures with diverse biological activities and many applications in industries. So, the prepared hybrid nanomaterial was used as an efficient catalyst in the one-pot, green and simple protocol for the synthesis of pyranopyrazole, spiropyranopyrazole and spiroperimidine derivatives. The structure of some compounds is characterized by FT-IR, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR analyses. In addition, the proposed intermediates were synthesized and identified to prove the presented mechanism of the reaction. This hybrid nanomaterial is a recyclable and highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst and easily separated by an external magnet from the reaction media. The short reaction time, high efficiency, operational safety and use of environmentally benign solvent are some benefits of this procedure.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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新型有机-无机杂化纳米结构的制备与表征：在螺化合物合成中的应用

摘要

近年来，将酸性/碱性基团或有机标签固定和杂化在无机载体上已发现许多重要的应用。在这项研究中，制备了一种新的有机-无机杂化纳米结构。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱，X射线衍射，热重分析，振动样品磁强计，扫描电子显微镜和能量色散X射线光谱技术对新型纳米材料的结构进行了表征。螺环化合物，尤其是螺哌啶和吡喃并吡唑是重要的结构，具有多种生物活性，在工业上具有许多应用。因此，所制备的杂化纳米材料被用作一锅，绿色，简单的方案中的高效催化剂，用于合成吡喃并吡咯，螺吡喃并吡唑和螺哌啶衍生物。某些化合物的结构以FT-IR表征，¹ H-NMR和¹³ C-NMR分析。此外，合成并鉴定了所提出的中间体，以证明所提出的反应机理。这种杂化纳米材料是一种可回收利用的高效多相催化剂，很容易被外部磁体从反应介质中分离出来。反应时间短，效率高，操作安全以及使用环境友好的溶剂是该程序的一些好处。

图形摘要