Purpose

The objective of the work is to determine the best operating conditions for variants of an ecological engineering tool (permeable reactive surface biobarrier -PRSB-) potentially useful for the protection of water resources, preventing the arrival of sediments and pesticides transported by runoffs and tile drainage from agricultural lands, to water bodies.

Methods

Four PRB-prototypes were constructed as fixed-bed horizontal channels packed with a porous material supporting an enriched microbial biofilm. Their dynamic and stoichiometric performance was evaluated in the presence or absence of granular activated carbon, with limiting or sufficient O₂ supply. The removal of the pesticides and their leading catabolic derivatives were determined by HPLC. The most abundant cultivable microorganisms were isolated and identified by the sequencing of 16sDNA amplicons.

Results

The pollutant removal efficiencies obtained in the aerobic biobarriers or microaerophilia were similar. In addition, slight differences were observed in the presence of GAC as an adsorbent, meaning that the most economical and straightforward type of biobarrier was adequate to remove the pollutants studied. In addition, among the most abundant microorganisms isolated in the microbial biofilms colonizing the aerobic biobarriers, the microalgae Micractinium sp. showed the capacity to accumulate the insecticides permethrin and cypermethrin.

Conclusions

The main observed role of Micractinium sp. in the aerobic barriers was the bioaccumulation of pyrethroids, meaning that biosorption is also a valuable removal mechanism operating in the aerobic PRBs. In this aspect, they behave analogously to subsurface constructed wetlands but, instead of superficial plant life, aerobic PRSBs host microalgae.

中文翻译：

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可渗透的反应性表面生物屏障。去除农业径流携带的农业毒性化合物的生态技术的测试和评估

目的

这项工作的目的是确定一种生态工程工具（可渗透的反应性表面生物屏障-PRSB-）变体的最佳操作条件，这些工具可能对保护水资源、防止径流和瓷砖排水输送的沉积物和杀虫剂的到来有用从农田到水体。

方法

四个 PRB 原型被构建为固定床水平通道，填充有多孔材料，支持丰富的微生物生物膜。它们的动态和化学计量性能在存在或不存在粒状活性炭的情况下进行评估，O ₂供应有限或充足。通过 HPLC 测定农药及其主要分解代谢衍生物的去除率。通过对 16sDNA 扩增子的测序，分离和鉴定了最丰富的可培养微生物。

结果

在好氧生物屏障或微需氧菌中获得的污染物去除效率相似。此外，在存在 GAC 作为吸附剂的情况下观察到细微差异，这意味着最经济和最直接的生物屏障类型足以去除所研究的污染物。此外，在定殖需氧生物屏障的微生物生物膜中分离出的最丰富的微生物中，微藻Micactinium sp。显示出积累杀虫剂氯菊酯和氯氰菊酯的能力。

结论

Miractinium sp的主要观察到的作用。在好氧屏障中是拟除虫菊酯的生物积累，这意味着生物吸附也是在好氧 PRB 中起作用的一种有价值的去除机制。在这方面，它们的行为类似于地下人工湿地，但好氧 PRSB 不是表面植物，而是寄生微藻。