"Omics" represent a combinatorial approach to high-throughput analysis of biological entities for various purposes. It broadly encompasses genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics. Bacteria and microalgae exhibit a wide range of genetic, biochemical and concomitantly, physiological variations owing to their exposure to biotic and abiotic dynamics in their ecosystem conditions. Consequently, optimal conditions for adequate growth and production of useful bacterial or microalgal metabolites are critically unpredictable. Traditional methods employ microbe isolation and 'blind'-culture optimization with numerous chemical analyses making the bioprospecting process laborious, strenuous, and costly. Advances in the next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have offered a platform for the pan-genomic analysis of microbes from community and strain downstream to the gene level. Changing conditions in nature or laboratory accompany epigenetic modulation, variation in gene expression, and subsequent biochemical profiles defining an organism's inherent metabolic repertoire. Proteome and metabolome analysis could further our understanding of the molecular and biochemical attributes of the microbes under research. This review provides an overview of recent studies that have employed omics as a robust, broad-spectrum approach for screening bacteria and microalgae to exploit their potential as sources of drug leads by focusing on their genomes, secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathway genes, transcriptomes, and metabolomes. We also highlight how recent studies have combined molecular biology with analytical chemistry methods, which further underscore the need for advances in bioinformatics and chemoinformatics as vital instruments in the discovery of novel bacterial and microalgal strains as well as new drug leads.

中文翻译：

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用于细菌和微藻生物勘探和药物发现的组学药物。

“组学”代表了针对各种目的对生物实体进行高通量分析的组合方法。它广泛地涵盖了基因组学，转录组学，蛋白质组学，脂质组学和代谢组学。由于细菌和微藻在其生态系统条件下暴露于生物和非生物动力学中，因此它们具有广泛的遗传，生化和随之而来的生理变化。因此，至关重要的是无法预测出适当生长和产生有用细菌或微藻代谢物的最佳条件。传统方法采用微生物分离和“盲”培养优化以及大量化学分析，使得生物勘探过程费力，费力且昂贵。下一代测序（NGS）技术的进步为微生物从群落和菌株下游到基因水平的全基因组分析提供了一个平台。自然或实验室条件的变化伴随着表观遗传的调节，基因表达的变化以及随后的生化特征，从而定义了生物体固有的代谢谱。蛋白质组和代谢组学分析可以使我们进一步了解正在研究的微生物的分子和生化特性。这篇综述概述了最近的研究，这些研究已将组学作为一种可靠的，广谱的方法来筛选细菌和微藻，通过关注它们的基因组，次级代谢产物生物合成途径基因，转录组和代谢组来开发其作为潜在药物的潜力。 。