In this study we assessed the efficacy of chitosan (CHI) (2%) emulsion added with Ruta graveolens L. essential oil (REO) at different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%) to control C. gloesporioides grows both "in situ" and "in vitro" in papaya Maradol (Carica papaya L.). In vitro studies showed a decrease on fungal growth (mycelia diameter) with the increase of REO concentration, while 0.5% of REO induce a reduction of 56.42%, REO at 1.0% and 1.5% induced a reduction of 97%. Microscopic analysis showed irreversible deleterious morphological and ultrastructural alterations as well as changes in conidia morphology, and conidia germination inhibition up to 90%. Among the most abundant REO constituents, 2-Nonanol showed strong antifungal activity followed by 2-Undecanone, Benzyl acetate, 2-Nonanone, 2-Tridecanone and 2-Dodecanone. Studies "in situ" on papaya fruit during 12 days at 20 °C, showed a reduction of the C. gloesporioides lesion expansion by 50% using CHI-REO 0.5% emulsions and by 100% with treatments of CHI-REO 1.0 and 1.5%, in addition the emulsions were efficacious to reduce the fruit surface microbiota. On the other hand, physicochemical analysis of the papaya fruits demonstrated that CHI-REO emulsions treatment delayed papaya ripening without affecting the organoleptic characteristics. All these results demonstrated for the first time the application of coatings CHI-REO as a postharvest treatment for the control of anthracnose on papaya fruit.

中文翻译：

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使用壳聚糖-Rutagravolens L精油包衣抑制炭疽菌：在番木瓜果实上进行体外和原位研究。

在这项研究中，我们评估了在不同浓度（0.5％，1.0％和1.5％）的情况下，加有Ruta Gradolens L.精油（REO）的壳聚糖（CHI）（2％）乳液对控制C. gloesporioides的生长“木瓜马拉多（Carica papaya L.）中的“原位”和“体外”。体外研究表明，随着REO浓度的增加，真菌的生长（菌丝直径）降低，而0.5％的REO降低56.42％，1.0％和1.5％的REO降低97％。显微镜分析显示不可逆的有害形态和超微结构变化以及分生孢子形态的变化，分生孢子萌发抑制高达90％。在最丰富的REO成分中，2-壬醇显示出很强的抗真菌活性，其次是2-十一烷酮，乙酸苄酯，2-壬酮，2-十三烷酮和2-十二烷酮。对木瓜果实在20°C下12天进行的“原位”研究显示，使用0.5％CHI-REO乳剂可将glosporioides病斑扩展减少50％，而使用CHI-REO 1.0和1.5％处理则可减少100％此外，乳剂可有效减少水果表面的微生物。另一方面，对木瓜果实的理化分析表明，CHI-REO乳液处理可延迟木瓜的成熟，而不会影响感官特性。所有这些结果首次证明了CHI-REO包衣作为木瓜果实中炭疽病控制的采后处理方法。另外，乳液的含量为0和1.5％，可有效减少果实表面的微生物。另一方面，对木瓜果实的理化分析表明，CHI-REO乳液处理可延迟木瓜的成熟，而不会影响感官特性。所有这些结果首次证明了CHI-REO包衣作为木瓜果实中炭疽病控制的采后处理方法。另外，乳液的含量为0和1.5％，可有效减少果实表面的微生物。另一方面，对木瓜果实的理化分析表明，CHI-REO乳液处理可延迟木瓜的成熟，而不会影响感官特性。所有这些结果首次证明了CHI-REO包衣作为木瓜果实中炭疽病控制的采后处理方法。