Abstract The present work mainly focuses on the evolution of the airflow passing embankments of different heights, with and without trains. Using the delayed detached-eddy simulation (DDES) method, the effects on the velocity and acceleration of the airflow caused by the embankments’ upstream slope were studied using a set of embankments with different heights. The aerodynamic loads experienced by each car of the train, on both the windward and leeward rails, were calculated and the effects of different embankments examined. To distinguish how the geometry of embankments affected the flow patterns, distributions of streamline, velocity and the vortices formed around the head car and embankment are shown. The differences in pressure distribution on central loops of each car caused by the different embankment heights were analyzed at a yaw angle of 19.8°. Using the wind speed at 4 ​m above the actual rails and the reference at 10 ​m above the ground, the effect of wind speed on the aerodynamic forces and moments of the train, independent of the embankments’ height, can be obtained. This method has the potential to simplify the calculations needed to evaluate the safety of trains running on different embankment heights in strong wind environments.

中文翻译：

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有无列车不同高度铁路路基周围流动研究

摘要 目前的工作主要集中在有和无列车通过不同高度路堤的气流演变。使用延迟分离涡模拟 (DDES) 方法，使用一组不同高度的路堤研究了路堤上游坡度对气流速度和加速度的影响。计算了列车每节车厢在迎风和背风轨道上所承受的空气动力载荷，并检查了不同路堤的影响。为了区分路堤的几何形状如何影响流型，显示了流线、速度和围绕头车和路堤形成的涡流的分布。在偏航角为19.8°时分析了不同路堤高度引起的每辆车中心环路压力分布的差异。使用实际轨道上方 4 米处的风速和地面上方 10 米处的参考风速，可以得到风速对列车空气动力和力矩的影响，与路堤的高度无关。这种方法有可能简化评估在强风环境下在不同路堤高度上运行的列车的安全性所需的计算。