Abstract Due to strain energy releases sharply, fault slip is often accompanied with sudden stress change around fault structures, especially on the fault surface. In this study, the slippage of a reverse fault structure induced by coal mining in Yima mining area, Henan province, China is studied by employing physical and numerical simulation. The stress evolution around this fault is analyzed to further understand the mechanism of coal bursts around the fault structures. The results show that the normal stress is relatively greater than shear stress on the fault surface, and the normal and shear stress on the fault surface near the coal seam are greater than that far away from the coal seam. It is interesting to find that the variation of normal stress and shear stress on the middle of fault is opposite in the physical model. To in-depth understand this phenomenon, the numerical simulation method is employed to investigate the stress variation and dynamic energy evolution on the fault surface before, during and after fault slip by applied different horizontal stress on the lateral surface of model. The results show that the opposite variation of normal and shear stress is induced by the greater horizontal stress. This phenomenon can be considered as a precursory information for major fault slip. The horizontal stress is the main driving force of the fault slip induced by the coal seam mining. In this study, it is also suggested that the existence of extra-thick conglomerate rock and reverse fault in the high horizontal stress environment could cause large area of roof movement and provide the dynamic pressure source for the occurrence of coal bursts in Yima mining area.

中文翻译：

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义马矿区长壁工作面开采过程断面应力演化特征及煤爆机制

摘要 由于应变能急剧释放，断层滑动常伴随着断层构造周围，尤其是断层表面的突然应力变化。本研究采用物理和数值模拟方法研究了河南省义马矿区煤矿开采引起的反向断层结构的滑移。分析了该断层周围的应力演化，以进一步了解断层结构周围的煤爆机制。结果表明，断层表面的法向应力相对大于剪应力，靠近煤层的断层表面的法向应力和剪应力大于远离煤层的断层表面的法向应力和剪应力。有趣的是，在物理模型中断层中部的正应力和剪应力的变化是相反的。为深入理解这一现象，采用数值模拟方法，通过对模型侧面施加不同的水平应力，研究断层滑动前、中、后断层表面的应力变化和动态能量演化。结果表明，较大的水平应力引起法向应力和剪应力的相反变化。这种现象可以被认为是主要断层滑动的先兆信息。水平应力是煤层开采诱发断层滑动的主要驱动力。在这项研究中，