Adolescence is a remarkable period of brain development. Prenatal stress can increase the risk of various neuropsychiatric disorders. This research investigated neurochemical and behavioural changes in the offspring rats (especially adolescences) who were treated with repeated variable prenatal stress (PNS) during the third week of gestation. The study tested the concentration of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68), synaptotagmin‐1(Syt‐1), 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), dopamine (DA), glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) and oestrogen receptors (ERs) in the PFC (prefrontal cortex). We also tested prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex (ASR) (a measure of sensorimotor gating). The main results were as follows: PNS increased the BDNF and CD68 concentrations in adolescent females, and increased the Syt‐1 concentration in adolescent males. The increases in BDNF/CD68 concentration (in females) and Syt‐1/DA concentration (in males) with age were disturbed by PNS, and PNS changed the sex differences in CD68 concentration in adolescence and disturbed the sex differences in the Syt‐1 concentration (in adolescence) and DA concentration (in adults). In conclusion, we found that PNS lead to Sex‐dependent aberrant PFC development, and might accelerate the development of the adolescent PFC, and so that lessened the age difference (between adolescence and adulthood) and the sex difference.

中文翻译：

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暴露于可变产前压力的青春期后代大鼠的性别依赖性异常 PFC 发育

青春期是大脑发育的重要时期。产前压力会增加各种神经精神疾病的风险。本研究调查了在妊娠第三周接受反复可变产前应激 (PNS) 治疗的后代大鼠（尤其是青春期）的神经化学和行为变化。该研究测试了脑源性神经营养因子 (BDNF)、分化簇 68 (CD68)、突触结合蛋白-1(Syt-1)、5-羟色胺 (5-HT)、多巴胺 (DA)、糖皮质激素受体 (GRs) 的浓度) 和 PFC（前额叶皮层）中的雌激素受体 (ER)。我们还测试了声惊跳反射 (ASR)（感觉运动门控的一种措施）的前脉冲抑制 (PPI)。主要结果如下：PNS 增加了青春期女性的 BDNF 和 CD68 浓度，并增加了青春期男性的 Syt-1 浓度。BDNF/CD68浓度（女性）和Syt-1/DA浓度（男性）随年龄增加受PNS干扰，PNS改变青春期CD68浓度的性别差异，干扰Syt-1的性别差异浓度（青春期）和 DA 浓度（成人）。总之，我们发现PNS导致性别依赖性异常PFC发育，并可能加速青少年PFC的发育，从而缩小年龄差异（青春期和成年期）和性别差异。PNS 改变了青春期 CD68 浓度的性别差异，扰乱了 Syt-1 浓度（青春期）和 DA 浓度（成人）的性别差异。总之，我们发现PNS导致性别依赖性异常PFC发育，并可能加速青少年PFC的发育，从而缩小年龄差异（青春期和成年期）和性别差异。PNS 改变了青春期 CD68 浓度的性别差异，扰乱了 Syt-1 浓度（青春期）和 DA 浓度（成人）的性别差异。总之，我们发现PNS导致性别依赖性异常PFC发育，并可能加速青少年PFC的发育，从而缩小年龄差异（青春期和成年期）和性别差异。