Abstract In order to meet the requirements of sustainable growth and development for human beings, biomedical research has been the focus of our attention. Terahertz (THz) is recognized as one of the most promising technologies and it has been widely used in biomedicine. A depiction of the basic principle of THz spectroscopy and THz imaging at the beginning of this article, some emerging techniques like THz microfluidic chips and scattering-type scanning near-field THz spectroscopy (S-SNTS) are investigated as well and it is indicated that these techniques have the potential to tackle some shortcomings of THz technology. This article reviews the applications of THz characterization techniques and THz biological effects in biomedicine between 2010 and 2018. The applications of THz characterization techniques are overviewed by five parts: amino acid and polypeptide, DNA, protein, the detection of cancer, and other applications. The research of THz biological effects mainly concentrates on the effect of THz on the tissue and cells of organisms. Besides, this article briefly introduces the basics of chemometric methods which are mainly applied in data preprocessing and multivariate analysis. Furthermore, we address the drawbacks of THz technology in biomedicine at the end of this article, these need our further study.

中文翻译：

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太赫兹技术的生物医学应用

摘要 为了满足人类可持续增长和发展的要求，生物医学研究一直是我们关注的焦点。太赫兹（THz）被认为是最有前途的技术之一，在生物医学中得到了广泛的应用。文章开头描述了太赫兹光谱和太赫兹成像的基本原理，并对一些新兴技术如太赫兹微流控芯片和散射型扫描近场太赫兹光谱（S-SNTS）进行了研究，表明这些技术有可能解决太赫兹技术的一些缺点。本文回顾了2010-2018年太赫兹表征技术和太赫兹生物效应在生物医学中的应用，从五个部分概述了太赫兹表征技术的应用：氨基酸和多肽、DNA、蛋白质、癌症检测和其他应用。太赫兹生物效应的研究主要集中在太赫兹对生物体组织和细胞的影响。此外，本文还简要介绍了主要应用于数据预处理和多元分析的化学计量学方法的基础知识。此外，我们在本文末尾解决了太赫兹技术在生物医学中的缺点，这些都需要我们进一步研究。