Soil salinity is widespread in rice-producing areas globally, restricting both vegetative growth and grain yield. Improving salt tolerance of rice is a promising approach to meet the increasing food demand. An extensive literature survey indicates that maintaining proper Na⁺/K⁺ ratio and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content is the key issues for rice adaption to salt stress. In this review, distinctive from the existing reviews, we mainly discuss recent progresses in identifying the components and pathways involved in the rice response to salt stress and the approaches that can be used for breeding and cultivating salt-tolerant rice, pointing out the potential phytohormonal regulation of the components and the homeostasis of Na⁺/K⁺ and ROS. Thus, this review attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent research on rice adaption to salt stress, which may provide guidance for rice breeding to engineer better salt-tolerant rice varieties.

全球水稻生产地区的土壤盐分普遍分布，限制了营养生长和谷物产量。提高稻米的耐盐性是满足不断增长的食品需求的一种有前途的方法。广泛的文献调查表明，保持适当的Na ⁺ / K ⁺比和活性氧（ROS）含量是水稻适应盐胁迫的关键问题。在这篇综述中，与现有的综述不同，我们主要讨论鉴定水稻对盐胁迫的响应所涉及的成分和途径的最新进展，以及可用于耐盐水稻育种和栽培的方法，指出潜在的植物激素Na ⁺ / K ⁺的成分和稳态的调节和ROS。因此，本综述试图全面综述水稻对盐胁迫的适应性研究，为水稻育种工程设计更好的耐盐水稻品种提供指导。