Gene detection has important applications in biology, biomedical engineering, clinical, environmental, and marine fields. Rapid, sensitive, and selective recognition of specific genes is essential in practical applications. In this study, we describe a facile and sensitive DNA sensing platform for specific and quantitative detection of Heterosigma akashiwo, which is one of the causative agents of red tides. Fast and sensitive detection is achieved by using chemically synthesized graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets. Probe DNA is designed according to the specific DNA fragments of harmful algae and labeled with fluorescent molecules FAM (fluorescein-based dye). GO nanosheet solution is made, in which the strong interaction between FAM-labeled probe and GO nanosheets keeps them in close proximity, facilitating the fluorescence quenching of the fluorophore by GO nanosheets. In the presence of a complementary target DNA, the FAM-labeled DNA probe and the target DNA hybridize and desorb from the surface of GO nanosheets, resulting in restoration of fluorophore fluorescence. The concentration of target DNA fragments is analyzed by the fluorescence intensity at ~ 520 nm with emission wavelength of 480 nm. The sensitive detecting platform achieved stable measurement of 1 pM specific genes from Heterosigma akashiwo. Our GO nanosheet-based DNA-sensing platform performs fast and sensitive detection of trace amount of DNA, and enables quantitative recognition of harmful algae, which has promising applications in real-time monitoring in the marine environment of red tide generative dynamics, allowing effective control, particularly in relation to marine aquaculture.

中文翻译：

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基于氧化石墨烯纳米片的有害藻华的简便和灵敏的 DNA 传感。

基因检测在生物学、生物医学工程、临床、环境和海洋等领域有着重要的应用。在实际应用中，快速、灵敏和选择性地识别特定基因是必不可少的。在这项研究中，我们描述了一个简单而灵敏的 DNA 传感平台，用于特异性和定量检测Heterosigma akashiwo，这是赤潮的病原体之一。通过使用化学合成的氧化石墨烯 (GO) 纳米片实现快速灵敏的检测。探针DNA是根据有害藻类的特定DNA片段设计的，并用荧光分子FAM（基于荧光素的染料）进行标记。制备 GO 纳米片溶液，其中 FAM 标记的探针和 GO 纳米片之间的强相互作用使它们保持紧密接近，促进 GO 纳米片对荧光团的荧光猝灭。在互补的目标 DNA 存在下，FAM 标记的 DNA 探针和目标 DNA 杂交并从 GO 纳米片表面解吸，导致荧光团荧光的恢复。目标 DNA 片段的浓度通过~520 nm 处的荧光强度进行分析，发射波长为 480 nm。Heterosigma akashiwo。我们基于 GO 纳米片的 DNA 传感平台对痕量 DNA 进行快速、灵敏的检测，并实现有害藻类的定量识别，在赤潮生成动力学的海洋环境实时监测中具有广阔的应用前景，可实现有效控制，特别是在海水养殖方面。