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DC is the Future
Proceedings of the IEEE ( IF 20.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 , DOI: 10.1109/jproc.2020.2982707
Nesimi Ertugrul , Derek Abbott

For ac electricity grids, the aim has always been at low-cost and disruption-proof solutions. The power grid is inherently vulnerable to environmental disturbances. However, the introduction of power electronics (PEs) and changes in load and generator characteristics have introduced a game changer at an unprecedented pace over the last decade. During this change, load specifications, load characteristics, and control and monitoring requirements for power system security have also dramatically evolved. Efficiency and reliability of system components have progressed in parallel with this evolution. However, high penetration of renewable energy sources has reduced the percentage contribution of conventional electricity based on synchronous generation, which affects grid stability and hence reliability. Furthermore, numerous camouflaged dc generators and dc loads are being embedded in ac and dc microgrids at ever increasing rates. While embedded generation rapidly increases its share in the hybrid power grid (where ac and dc coexist), the current developments in PE switches—based on wide bandgap (WBG) technology—indicate that within the next two decades Max Planck’s well-known sentiment that science advances one funeral at a time will repeat itself on the ac grid. This article aims to summarize the technical developments and problems facing the utilization of ac during widescale electrification of the world using numerous distributed energy resources (DERs). Then, it will map out evolutionary changes toward a future dc grid.

中文翻译:

DC是未来

对于交流电网,目标一直是低成本和抗干扰的解决方案。电网本质上容易受到环境干扰的影响。然而,电力电子 (PE) 的引入以及负载和发电机特性的变化在过去十年中以前所未有的速度引入了游戏规则。在此变化过程中,电力系统安全的负载规格、负载特性以及控制和监控要求也发生了巨大变化。系统组件的效率和可靠性与这种演变同时发展。然而,可再生能源的高渗透率降低了基于同步发电的常规电力的贡献百分比,从而影响了电网的稳定性和可靠性。此外,许多伪装的直流发电机和直流负载正以不断增加的速度嵌入交流和直流微电网中。虽然嵌入式发电在混合电网(交流和直流共存)中的份额迅速增加,但基于宽带隙 (WBG) 技术的 PE 开关的当前发展表明,在接下来的二十年里,马克斯普朗克的著名观点是科学进步一次一场葬礼将在交流电网上重演。本文旨在总结使用大量分布式能源 (DER) 的世界大规模电气化过程中交流利用的技术发展和面临的问题。然后,它将绘制出面向未来直流电网的进化变化。虽然嵌入式发电在混合电网(交流和直流共存)中的份额迅速增加,但基于宽带隙 (WBG) 技术的 PE 开关的当前发展表明,在接下来的二十年里,马克斯普朗克的著名观点是科学进步一次一场葬礼将在交流电网上重演。本文旨在总结使用大量分布式能源 (DER) 的世界大规模电气化过程中交流利用的技术发展和面临的问题。然后,它将绘制出面向未来直流电网的进化变化。虽然嵌入式发电在混合电网(交流和直流共存)中的份额迅速增加,但基于宽带隙 (WBG) 技术的 PE 开关的当前发展表明,在接下来的二十年里,马克斯普朗克的著名观点是科学进步一次一场葬礼将在交流电网上重演。本文旨在总结使用大量分布式能源 (DER) 的世界大规模电气化过程中交流利用的技术发展和面临的问题。然后,它将绘制出面向未来直流电网的进化变化。基于宽带隙 (WBG) 技术的 PE 开关的当前发展表明,在接下来的 20 年内,马克斯普朗克的著名观点将在交流电网上重演,即科学一次推进一场葬礼。本文旨在总结使用大量分布式能源 (DER) 的世界大规模电气化过程中交流利用的技术发展和面临的问题。然后,它将绘制出面向未来直流电网的进化变化。基于宽带隙 (WBG) 技术的 PE 开关的当前发展表明,在接下来的 20 年内,马克斯普朗克的著名观点将在交流电网上重演,即科学一次推进一场葬礼。本文旨在总结使用大量分布式能源 (DER) 的世界大规模电气化过程中交流利用的技术发展和面临的问题。然后,它将绘制出面向未来直流电网的进化变化。
更新日期:2020-05-01
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