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Spatial and Temporal Distribution of a Multiple Gear Fishing Fleet Exploiting the Caribbean Sea and North Brazil Shelf Large Marine Ecosystems
Marine and Coastal Fisheries ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-09 , DOI: 10.1002/mcf2.10113
Carolina Mercedes Laurent Singh 1, 2 , Jamerson Aguiar‐Santos 3 , Efrem Jorge Gondim Ferreira 4 , Eucaris del Carmen Evaristo 5 , Carlos Edwar de Carvalho Freitas 1
Affiliation  

An industrial multigear fishing fleet from Venezuela emerged in 2009 as a governmental strategy to reduce the impact of industrial trawling on the Venezuelan coast of the North Brazil Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem. The current study aimed to examine the spatial–temporal distribution of fishing effort and the catch levels obtained by the Venezuelan industrial multigear fishing fleet during the period 2015–2018. Fishing gear types employed by this fleet in order of preference were as follows: bottom longline (target sea catfishes [family Ariidae]), trap (target snappers [family Lutjanidae]), pelagic longline (target tunas [family Scombridae]), hand line (target mackerels [family Scombridae]), and shark longline (target sea catfishes and sharks [families Carcharhinidae, Squalidae, Sphyrnidae, Ginglymostomatidae, Alopiidae, and Triakidae]). The kernel intensity estimator determined that the main fishing area was the North Brazil Shelf (comprising 95% of the total fishing sets). Fishing effort (fishing sets per trip) distribution may be associated with oceanic fronts present in the region. A change in the dynamics of the fleet were recorded, with an increase in the use of bottom longlines, along with a decrease in the use of traps, possibly due to overfishing of resources caught by traps. The analyses of covariance showed a linear and positive relationship between the catch and fishing effort but with significant changes over the study period for traps and bottom longlines, since in the years where the fishing effort of traps was lower there were greater catches by unit of effort, and vice versa for bottom longlines, where lower catches by unit effort were obtained in years with greater effort.

中文翻译:

开发加勒比海和北巴西大陆架大型海洋生态系统的多档渔船的时空分布

委内瑞拉的工业多齿轮捕鱼船队于2009年出现,这是一项政府战略,目的是减少工业拖网对巴西北部陆架大型海洋生态系统的委内瑞拉海岸的影响。当前的研究旨在研究捕捞努力的时空分布以及委内瑞拉工业多齿轮捕捞船队在2015-2018年期间获得的捕捞量。该船队按优先顺序使用的渔具类型如下:底延绳钓(目标sea鱼[家科]),诱捕器(目标鲷鱼[Lutjanidae科]),浮游延绳钓(目标金枪鱼[Scombridae]),手钓线(目标鲭鱼[Scombridae]和鲨鱼延绳钓(目标海cat鱼和鲨鱼[Carcharhinidae,Squalidae,Sphyrnidae,Ginglymostomatidae,Alopiidae和Triakidae)]。核仁强度估算器确定主要捕鱼区为北巴西大陆架(占总捕鱼区的95%)。捕捞努力量(每次旅行的捕捞集)分布可能与该地区存在的海洋锋线有关。记录到船队的动力发生了变化,使用底线延绳钓的人数增加了,同时使用的诱捕装置减少了,这可能是由于诱捕装置捕获的资源被过度捕捞所致。协方差分析显示,渔获量和捕捞努力之间呈线性正相关,但在捕捞和底延绳钓的研究期间,变化显着,因为在捕捞量较低的年份,单位捕捞的捕捞量更大,反之亦然。
更新日期:2020-03-09
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