In this study, we assess a developed novel dynamic moving phantom system that can reproduce patient three‐dimensional (3D) tumor motion and patient anatomy, and perform patient‐specific quality assurance (QA) of respiratory‐gated radiotherapy using SyncTraX. Three patients with lung cancer were enrolled in a study. 3D printing technology was adopted to obtain individualized lung phantoms using CT images. A water‐equivalent phantom (WEP) with the 3D‐printed plate lung phantom was set at the tip of the robotic arm. The log file that recorded the 3D positions of the lung tumor was used as the input to the dynamic robotic moving phantom. The WEP was driven to track 3D respiratory motion. Respiratory‐gated radiotherapy was performed for driving the WEP. The tracking accuracy was calculated as the differences between the actual and measured positions. For the absolute dose and dose distribution, the differences between the planned and measured doses were calculated. The differences between the planned and measured absolute doses were <1.0% at the isocenter and <4.0% for the lung region. The gamma pass ratios of γ_3 mm/3% and γ_2 mm/2% under the conditions of gating and no‐gating were 99.9 ± 0.1% and 90.1 ± 8.5%, and 97.5 ± 0.9% and 68.6 ± 17.8%, respectively, for all the patients. Furthermore, for all the patients, the mean ± SD of the root mean square values of the positional error were 0.11 ± 0.04 mm, 0.33 ± 0.04 mm, and 0.20 ± 0.04 mm in the LR, AP, and SI directions, respectively. Finally, we showed that patient‐specific QA of respiratory‐gated radiotherapy using SyncTraX can be performed under realistic conditions using the moving phantom.

中文翻译：

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一种新颖的动态机器人移动体模系统，用于实时肿瘤跟踪放射治疗中针对患者的质量保证。

在这项研究中，我们评估了一种已开发的新型动态运动幻影系统，该系统可以重现患者的三维（3D）肿瘤运动和患者的解剖结构，并使用SyncTraX对患者进行门控放射疗法进行质量保证（QA）。一项研究纳入了三名肺癌患者。采用3D打印技术通过CT图像获得个性化的肺部幻像。将带有3D打印板肺部幻影的水等效幻影（WEP）设置在机械臂的尖端。记录肺部肿瘤3D位置的日志文件用作动态机器人移动体模的输入。WEP被驱动来跟踪3D呼吸运动。进行了呼吸门放射疗法以驱动WEP。跟踪精度计算为实际位置与测量位置之间的差异。对于绝对剂量和剂量分布，计算了计划剂量和测量剂量之间的差异。计划和测量的绝对剂量之间的差异在等中心点处<1.0％，在肺部地区<4.0％。γ的伽玛通过率对于所有患者，在门控和非门控条件下，_{3 mm / 3％}和γ2 _{mm / 2％}分别为99.9±0.1％和90.1±8.5％，以及97.5±0.9％和68.6±17.8％。此外，对于所有患者，在LR，AP和SI方向上，位置误差的均方根值的平均值±SD分别为0.11±0.04 mm，0.33±0.04 mm和0.20±0.04 mm。最后，我们证明了使用SyncTraX可以对患者特定的呼吸门控放射治疗QA在真实条件下使用移动体模进行。