Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). These non‐neuronal cells are able to regulate the neurons activity in the different parts of brain tissue by calcium waves generation in its internal space. Moreover, astrocytes interact with neurons and modulate the spiking activity of them. In this paper, a set of piecewise linear estimations of a three‐dimensional spontaneous astrocyte model are presented for digital FPGA realization. This leads to achieve a high‐speed and low‐cost system in large‐scale implementation. In this approach, the three‐dimensional original model is converted to a two‐dimensional one and the hardware overhead have been reduced, significantly due to eliminating the large number of multiplications in the original astrocyte model. Simulation results in MATLAB demonstrate that our method can mimic the original calcium waves in high degree of similarity. To validate our method in case of hardware, the proposed model has been tested and simulated in Modelsim software and also implemented on Spartan3 XC3S50 (TQ144) FPGA board. Hardware realization results show that the proposed model has high similarity by the simulation outputs. Consequently, this reduced‐model of astrocyte can be used in large‐scale networks because of its low‐cost hardware and high‐speed system.

中文翻译：

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自发星形胶质细胞信号的数字FPGA实现

星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统（CNS）中最丰富的神经胶质细胞类型。这些非神经元细胞能够通过在其内部空间产生钙波来调节大脑组织不同部位的神经元活动。此外，星形胶质细胞与神经元相互作用并调节它们的突触活性。在本文中，针对数字FPGA实现，提出了一组三维自发星形胶质细胞模型的分段线性估计。这导致在大规模实施中实现了一个高速，低成本的系统。在这种方法中，将三维原始模型转换为二维模型，并减少了硬件开销，这主要是因为消除了原始星形胶质细胞模型中的大量乘法运算。在MATLAB中的仿真结果表明，我们的方法可以高度相似地模拟原始钙波。为了在硬件情况下验证我们的方法，所提出的模型已在Modelsim软件中进行了测试和仿真，并在Spartan3 XC3S50（TQ144）FPGA板上实现。硬件实现结果表明，仿真结果表明该模型具有较高的相似性。因此，由于其低成本的硬件和高速的系统，这种简化的星形胶质细胞模型可以用于大型网络。硬件实现结果表明，仿真结果表明该模型具有较高的相似性。因此，由于其低成本的硬件和高速的系统，这种简化的星形胶质细胞模型可用于大规模网络。硬件实现结果表明，仿真结果表明该模型具有较高的相似性。因此，由于其低成本的硬件和高速的系统，这种简化的星形胶质细胞模型可以用于大型网络。