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Community gardens as third places
Geographical Research ( IF 5.043 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-24 , DOI: 10.1111/1745-5871.12395
Joanne Dolley 1
Affiliation  

Third place is a concept which describes informal neighbourhood meeting places outside of home (first place) or work (second place). This thesis applies the concept to community gardens and in doing so, relates the findings to the social challenges associated with increased urbanisation and population mobility. Previous studies have made direct reference to community gardens being third places, however, this thesis is the first time the connection has been systematically investigated. In doing so, this thesis engages with theories of placemaking, social capital, neighbourhood resilience, and implications for the UN Sustainable Development Goal 11.7 on providing safe and inclusive green spaces. A qualitative case study approach is taken and a framework based on the eight characteristics of third place, has been applied to six case study community gardens (five in Australia, one in Denmark). Third place is an ideal concept to understand community gardens because it is able to link research on social relations to research on placemaking. Community gardens are dynamic citizen-initiated places that have the potential to be responsive to the specific physical and social needs and preferences of the neighbourhood over time. This thesis contributes to placemaking research by providing insights into designing, building and supporting meaningful third places and in supporting the people who create and maintain community gardens. The thesis critically engages with social capital and placemaking theories by adding insights into how community gardens can function as third places with a communal purpose that is inclusive across socially diverse neighbourhoods, within and beyond the garden boundaries. Thirty years on from Oldenburg’s book on third places, “The Great Good Place”, this thesis critically engages with the concept and adds insights in relation to gender in public spaces and the role of social media in third places. This thesis produces an original model that demonstrates how community gardens can operate simultaneously as a club and a third place, thereby encouraging the formation of both weak ties of association and strong ties of bonding social capital. These are important because they can foster both active and passive engagement, leading to improved neighbourhood resilience for individuals and local neighbourhoods. It was found that community gardens that act as third places ameliorate some urban challenges such as increased isolation and alienation experienced by many in cities. They improve the sense of community, as they offer opportunities for conversations within and outside the garden membership thereby assisting in introducing new people to the neighbourhood and increasing local social capital, which along with improved local food security, improves neighbourhood resilience. Drawing together the placemaking and social capital findings, the thesis provides a number of suggestions that may inform the design of third place community gardens. The framework could be implemented as indicators for progress in achieving UN Sustainable Development Goal 11.7 to provide safe and inclusive green spaces. Given that community gardens which are third places can exhibit qualities that help improve wellbeing in urban communities, local councils can create social benefits from reducing barriers to community garden participation and increasing access to space and resources. This thesis is significant because it sheds light on the critical role that community gardens that are third places can play in an increasingly urbanised world where there is concern about social isolation and the lack of inclusive, safe and accessible public places.

中文翻译:

社区花园作为第三场所

第三名是一个概念,描述了家庭(第一名)或工作(第二名)之外的非正式社区聚会场所。本论文将这一概念应用于社区花园,并在此过程中将研究结果与与城市化和人口流动性增加相关的社会挑战联系起来。先前的研究直接提到社区花园是第三场所,然而,本文是第一次系统地研究这种联系。为此,本论文涉及场所营造、社会资本、邻里恢复力的理论,以及对联合国可持续发展目标 11.7 关于提供安全和包容性绿色空间的影响。采用定性案例研究方法和基于第三名八个特征的框架,已应用于六个案例研究社区花园(五个在澳大利亚,一个在丹麦)。第三名是理解社区花园的理想概念,因为它能够将社会关系研究与场所营造研究联系起来。社区花园是由市民发起的充满活力的场所,随着时间的推移,它们有可能对社区的特定物理和社会需求和偏好做出响应。本论文通过提供有关设计、建造和支持有意义的第三方场所以及支持创建和维护社区花园的人们的见解,为场所营造研究做出贡献。该论文批判性地探讨了社会资本和场所营造理论,深入探讨了社区花园如何作为具有公共目的的第三场所发挥作用,在花园边界内外具有包容性的社会多元化社区。距奥尔登堡关于第三场所的著作《伟大的好地方》已经过去了 30 年,这篇论文批判性地探讨了这一概念,并增加了与公共空间中的性别和社交媒体在第三场所中的作用有关的见解。本论文产生了一个原始模型,展示了社区花园如何作为俱乐部和第三方同时运作,从而鼓励形成弱的协会联系和结合社会资本的强联系。这些很重要,因为它们可以促进主动和被动参与,从而提高个人和当地社区的社区弹性。研究发现,作为第三场所的社区花园改善了一些城市挑战,例如城市中许多人经历的更多孤立和疏离感。它们提高了社区意识,因为它们提供了在花园会员内外进行对话的机会,从而帮助向社区介绍新人并增加当地社会资本,同时改善当地的粮食安全,提高社区的适应能力。该论文将场所营造和社会资本的发现结合在一起,提供了一些可能为第三方社区花园设计提供信息的建议。该框架可以作为实现联合国可持续发展目标 11 的进展指标来实施。7 提供安全包容的绿色空间。鉴于作为第三场所的社区花园可以展示有助于改善城市社区福祉的品质,地方议会可以通过减少社区花园参与的障碍和增加获得空间和资源的机会来创造社会效益。这篇论文很重要,因为它阐明了作为第三方场所的社区花园在日益城市化的世界中可以发挥的关键作用,在这个世界中,人们担心社会孤立以及缺乏包容性、安全性和可达性的公共场所。地方议会可以通过减少社区花园参与的障碍和增加获得空间和资源的机会来创造社会效益。这篇论文很重要,因为它阐明了作为第三方场所的社区花园在日益城市化的世界中可以发挥的关键作用,在这个世界中,人们担心社会孤立以及缺乏包容性、安全性和可达性的公共场所。地方议会可以通过减少社区花园参与的障碍和增加获得空间和资源的机会来创造社会效益。这篇论文很重要,因为它阐明了作为第三方场所的社区花园在日益城市化的世界中可以发挥的关键作用,在这个世界中,人们担心社会孤立以及缺乏包容性、安全性和可达性的公共场所。
更新日期:2020-03-24
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