Odors are strong elicitors of affect, and they play an important role in guiding human behavior, such as avoiding fire or spoiled food. However, little is known about how risky decision making changes when stimuli are olfactory. We investigated this question in an experimental study of risky decision making with unpleasant odors and monetary losses in a fully incentivized task with real outcomes. Odor and monetary decisions were matched so that monetary losses corresponded to the amount of money participants were willing to pay to avoid smelling an odor. Hierarchical Bayesian analyses using prospect theory show that participants were less sensitive to probabilities when gambling with odors than when gambling with money. These results highlight the importance of taking the sensory modality into account when studying risky decision making.

中文翻译：

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金钱不臭：使用难闻的气味作为刺激材料改变风险决策

气味是强烈的情感诱因，它们在指导人类行为方面发挥着重要作用，例如避免火灾或变质的食物。然而，当刺激具有嗅觉时，人们对决策的风险性如何改变知之甚少。我们在一项具有令人不快气味和金钱损失的风险决策实验研究中调查了这个问题，该研究在一项具有真实结果的完全激励的任务中进行。气味和金钱决定相匹配，因此金钱损失与参与者为避免闻到气味而愿意支付的金额相对应。使用前景理论的分层贝叶斯分析表明，与用金钱赌博相比，参与者在用气味赌博时对概率的敏感度较低。这些结果强调了在研究风险决策时考虑感官模式的重要性。