Cancer registry system has been playing important roles in research and policy making in cancer control. In general, information on cause of death is not available in cancer registry data. To make inference on survival of cancer patients in the absence of cause of death information, the relative survival ratio is widely used in the population‐based cancer research utilizing external life tables for the general population. Another difficulty arising in analyzing cancer registry data is informative censoring. In this article, we propose a doubly robust inference procedure for the relative survival ratio under a certain type of informative censoring, called the covariate‐dependent censoring. The proposed estimator is doubly robust in the sense that it is consistent if at least one of the regression models for the time‐to‐death and for the censoring time is correctly specified. Furthermore, we introduced a doubly robust test assessing underlying conditional independence assumption between the time‐to‐death and the censoring time. This test is model based, but is doubly robust in the sense that at least one of the models for the time to event and for the censoring time is correctly specified, it maintains its nominal significance level. This notable feature entails us to make inference on cancer registry data relying on assumptions, which are much weaker than the existing methods and are verifiable empirically. We examine the theoretical and empirical properties of our proposed methods by asymptotic theory and simulation studies. We illustrate the proposed method with cancer registry data in Osaka, Japan.

中文翻译：

---

基于人群的癌症登记数据中相对存活率的双重鲁棒推断程序

癌症登记系统在癌症控制的研究和决策中一直发挥着重要作用。通常，在癌症登记数据中无法找到有关死亡原因的信息。为了在没有死亡原因信息的情况下推断出癌症患者的生存率，相对生存率在基于人群的癌症研究中被广泛使用，该研究利用了一般人群的外部生命表。分析癌症登记数据的另一个困难是信息审查。在本文中，我们针对某种信息检查类型下的相对生存率提出了一种加倍健壮的推理程序，称为协变量相关检查。如果正确指定了死亡时间和审查时间的回归模型中的至少一个，则所提出的估计器具有双重稳定性。此外，我们引入了双重健壮的测试，评估了死亡时间和审查时间之间的基本条件独立性假设。该测试是基于模型的，但在至少正确地指定了事件发生时间和审查时间的模型之一的意义上，它保持了名义上的显着性水平，因此具有双重鲁棒性。这一显着特征使我们需要根据假设推断癌症注册数据，该假设比现有方法要弱得多，并且可以凭经验进行验证。我们通过渐近理论和模拟研究来检验我们提出的方法的理论和经验性质。