For energy saving and CO₂ emissions reduction, in addition to extending the range of suitable raw material sources for glass manufacture, compositional reformulation, and alternative raw materials have been studied in the context of industrial container and float‐type soda‐lime‐silica (SLS) glasses. Lithium, potassium, and boron were applied to modify benchmark glass compositions. Reformulation impacts on key glass properties including the viscosity‐temperature relationship, thermal expansion, liquidus temperature, forming behavior and color. Compared to the benchmark glass, representative of commercial SLS glasses, melting temperatures (taken as temperatures corresponding to log (viscosity/dPa·s) = 2) of reformulated glasses are reduced by 11°C‐55°C. Investigation of four industrial by‐products (seashell waste, eggshell waste, biomass ash, and rice husk ash), and their potential suitability as alternative glass batch raw materials, was also conducted. Seashell waste and biomass ash were successfully introduced into representative green glass formulations.

中文翻译：

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工业钠钙硅玻璃批次的替代原材料来源和配方的探索性研究

用于节能和CO ₂在工业容器和浮法钠钙硅玻璃（SLS）的背景下，除了扩大了玻璃制造的合适原料来源范围，成分重新配制以及替代原料之外，还减少了排放。锂，钾和硼用于改性基准玻璃成分。重新配制会影响关键的玻璃性能，包括粘度-温度关系，热膨胀，液相线温度，成型行为和颜色。与基准SLS玻璃（代表商用SLS玻璃）相比，重新配制的玻璃的熔融温度（作为对应于log（粘度/ dPa·s）= 2的温度）降低了11°C-55°C。调查四种工业副产品（贝壳废料，蛋壳废料，生物质灰和稻壳灰），以及它们作为替代玻璃原料的潜在适用性。贝壳废料和生物质灰分已成功引入代表性的绿色玻璃配方中。