Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a key model insect for studying life span and aging. Many laboratory strains of D. melanogaster are currently used by laboratories worldwide, but they are known to vary considerably in their physiology, behavior, and life histories. Although the importance of dietary protein:carbohydrate (P:C) balance as a predominant determinant of life span and other life‐history traits has been highlighted in recent research, it remains unexplored whether the impacts of P:C balance on these fitness‐related traits vary in a strain‐specific manner in D. melanogaster. In this study, we compared the life‐history consequences (life span, egg production rate, pre‐adult survival, development time, and body mass at eclosion) of six laboratory strains of D. melanogaster (w1118, yw, Oregon‐R, white Canton‐S, Canton‐S‐SNU, and Canton‐S‐Inha) allocated to one of four synthetic diets differing in P:C ratio (1:16, 1:4, 1:1, or 4:1). The effects of dietary P:C balance on various adult and larval life‐history traits were qualitatively similar across all strains studied in this study. Regardless of fly strain, adults exhibited a shortened life span and improved egg production on a diet with the highest P:C ratio of 4:1. In all strains, larvae raised on a diet comprising the lowest P:C ratio of 1:16 suffered high mortality, delayed development time, and reduced body mass. Despite the general similarity in the direction of the effect of P:C balance across strains, fly strains differed in the magnitude of their life‐history responses to dietary P:C balance, as indicated by a significant interaction between fly strain and dietary P:C ratio for all measured traits except body mass at eclosion. Possible mechanisms explaining such strain‐specific responses are discussed.

中文翻译：

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膳食蛋白质：碳水化合物平衡对六种黑腹果蝇实验室菌株生活史性状的影响

黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster Meigen）（双翅目：果蝇科）是研究寿命和衰老的关键模式昆虫。目前世界各地的实验室都在使用黑腹果蝇的许多实验室菌株，但众所周知，它们的生理、行为和生活史差异很大。尽管最近的研究强调了膳食蛋白质:碳水化合物 (P:C) 平衡作为寿命和其他生活史特征的主要决定因素的重要性，但 P:C 平衡是否对这些与健康相关的影响仍有待探索。在 D. melanogaster 中，性状以菌株特异性方式变化。在这项研究中，我们比较了六种黑腹果蝇（w1118、yw、Oregon-R、白色 Canton-S，Canton-S-SNU 和 Canton-S-Inha）分配给四种不同 P:C 比例（1:16、1:4、1:1 或 4:1）的合成日粮之一。在本研究中研究的所有菌株中，膳食 P:C 平衡对各种成虫和幼虫生活史特征的影响在性质上相似。无论果蝇品系如何，在最高 P:C 比为 4:1 的饮食中，成虫的寿命缩短，产蛋量提高。在所有品系中，以最低 P:C 比为 1:16 的饮食饲养的幼虫死亡率高，发育时间延迟，体重下降。尽管不同品系之间 P:C 平衡的影响方向大体相似，但果蝇品系对日粮 P:C 平衡的生活史反应程度不同，如果蝇品系和日粮 P 之间的显着相互作用所示：除羽化时的体重外，所有测量性状的 C 比率。讨论了解释这种菌株特异性反应的可能机制。