Selfish genetic elements (SGEs) such as replicating mobile elements, segregation distorters and maternally inherited endosymbionts, bias their transmission success relative to the rest of the genome to increase in representation in subsequent generations. As such, they generate conflict with the rest of the genome. Such intragenomic conflict is also a hallmark of sexually antagonistic (SA) alleles, which are shared genes between the sexes but that have opposing fitness effects when expressed in males and females. However, whilst both SGEs and SA alleles are recognized as common and potent sources of genomic conflict, the realization that SGEs can also generate sexually antagonistic selection and contribute to sexual conflict in addition to generate sexual selection is largely overlooked. Here, I show that SGEs frequently generate sex‐specific selection and outline how SGEs that are associated with compromised male fertility can shape female mating patterns, play a key role in the dynamics of sex‐determination systems and likely be an important source of sexually antagonistic genetic variation. Given the prevalence of SGEs, their contribution to sexual conflict is likely to be greatly overlooked.

中文翻译：

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自私的基因和性选择：基因组寄生虫对宿主繁殖的影响

自私的遗传元件（SGE），例如复制的移动元件，分离畸变和母体遗传的共生共生体，使它们相对于基因组其余部分的传播成功产生偏差，从而增加了后代的代表性。因此，它们与基因组的其余部分产生冲突。这种基因组内冲突也是性拮抗（SA）等位基因的标志，它们是性别之间的共享基因，但在雄性和雌性中表达时具有相反的适应性作用。然而，尽管SGE和SA等位基因都被认为是基因组冲突的常见且有效的来源，但人们普遍忽略了SGE还可以产生性拮抗选择并除了产生性选择之外还导致性冲突的认识。这里，我证明了SGE经常会产生针对性别的选择，并概述了与男性生育能力受损相关的SGE如何塑造女性的交配方式，在性别决定系统的动态中发挥关键作用，并且可能是性对抗性遗传变异的重要来源。考虑到SGE的普遍存在，它们对性冲突的贡献可能会被大大忽略。